ABSTRACT

A major obstacle to the creation of efficient biobased disease management practices continues to be the poor integration of traditional agricultural practices and cutting-edge technical approaches. The present review will expand the understanding of organic amendments and metabolites-mediated microbial community metabolism and their mechanistic aspects in disease-suppressive soil (DSS). Organic amendments have been shown to promote the biocontrol potential of resident soil microbiota. Organic amendments positively affect the labile carbon, cation exchange content (CEC) and microbial enzymatic activity. DSS is considered a rich source of beneficial soil microbial community that produces a plethora of antibacterial metabolites. Multiple gene clusters associated with known metabolites offer mechanistic insights associated with disease-suppressive phenotypes. Organic amended soil has higher abundance of chemotaxis genes. Several strains of Bacillus and Pseudomonas produce key metabolites, phenazines, 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol, pyoluteorin, pyrrolnitrin, cyclic lipopeptides and volatile organic compounds in DSS. High-resolution metagenomics combined with bioinformatics tools would be instrumental in the identification of biomarkers associated with suppressive soils. The integration of traditional and genomic approaches can be employed to infer the untapped potential of resident soil microbiomes.

摘要

创建有效的基于生物的疾病管理实践的一个主要障碍仍然是传统农业实践和尖端技术方法的整合不力。本综述将扩大对有机改良剂和代谢物介导的微生物群落代谢及其在疾病抑制土壤（DSS）中的机制的理解。有机改良剂已被证明可以提高土壤微生物群的生物防治潜力。有机改良剂对不稳定碳、阳离子交换含量 (CEC) 和微生物酶活性产生积极影响。DSS 被认为是有益土壤微生物群落的丰富来源，可产生大量抗菌代谢物。与已知代谢物相关的多个基因簇提供了与疾病抑制表型相关的机制见解。有机改良的土壤具有更高丰度的趋化基因。几个菌株芽孢杆菌和假单胞菌在 DSS 中产生关键代谢物、吩嗪、2,4-二乙酰基间苯三酚、幽门螺杆菌、吡咯尼群、环脂肽和挥发性有机化合物。高分辨率宏基因组学与生物信息学工具相结合将有助于识别与抑制性土壤相关的生物标志物。传统方法和基因组方法的整合可用于推断土壤微生物组尚未开发的潜力。