As interest in universal basic income (UBI) policy has peaked in recent years, the study of public support for such a policy is rapidly developing. While recent studies recognise the multidimensionality of the UBI proposal, we still know little about to what extent support for UBI is unambiguously supported or rejected. We show that the public holds distinct but related opinions towards three dimensions of UBI: universalism, redistribution and unconditionality. The higher and lower educated are equally ambivalent towards the policy, suggesting a lack of political entrenchment towards UBI in Dutch society. Post hoc comparisons show that key demographics and constituencies support some dimensions while rejecting others, enabling both compromise and division on the issue. Despite these distinct controversies, however, the strong correlation between attitudinal dimensions suggests that survey experiments tend to overstate the degree of multidimensionality by ignoring the strong commonalities in support for policy aspects.

中文翻译：

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争议的维度：调查荷兰全民基本收入的公共支持结构

近年来，随着人们对全民基本收入（UBI）政策的兴趣达到顶峰，公众对此类政策支持的研究正在迅速发展。尽管最近的研究认识到全民基本收入提案的多维性，但我们仍然对全民基本收入在多大程度上得到明确支持或拒绝知之甚少。我们表明，公众对全民基本收入的三个维度持有不同但相关的观点：普遍主义、再分配和无条件性。受教育程度较高和较低的人对该政策同样持矛盾态度，这表明荷兰社会对全民基本收入缺乏政治巩固。事后比较表明，关键人口统计数据和选民支持某些方面，同时拒绝其他方面，从而在该问题上既可以妥协，也可以产生分歧。然而，尽管存在这些明显的争议，态度维度之间的强相关性表明，调查实验往往会忽略支持政策方面的强烈共性，从而夸大多维性的程度。