ABSTRACT

Persistent places are the locations where people aggregate, utilise and reuse natural or built features and develop their social identities and interactions. A network of persistent places forms interconnected persistent settlement patterns, which create a humanly made or storied landscape with a shared community-based memory of place. Although it has been demonstrated that persistent settlement patterns long preceded the onset of Neolithic farming villages, the Levant has received the most attention regarding this perspective. At the same time, Africa still needs to be addressed. This paper provides an illustrative case study of persistent settlement patterns created by Holocene hunter-gatherers in the Middle Nile Valley of Sudan. It employs geostatistical patterning and visual mapping of an extensive collection of different classes of artefacts (lithic industry, hammerstones, ground stone tools and pottery) from a well-preserved Khartoum Variant site on Sai Island and correlates them to complex architectural features exposed on an archaeological surface (Level 1) at site 8-B-10C dating to the early fifth millennium cal. BC. The combination of multiple in-depth geostatistical analyses of a complex habitation system successfully documents an exceptionally preserved planned intra-site settlement organisation maintained over several generations, revealing a memory of place.

摘要

持久性场所是人们聚集、利用和再利用自然或建筑特征并发展其社会身份和互动的场所。持久性场所网络形成了相互关联的持久性聚居模式，从而创造了人造或传奇的景观，并具有基于社区的共享场所记忆。尽管已经证明，持久的聚居模式早在新石器时代农庄出现之前就已存在，但从这个角度来看，黎凡特受到的关注最多。与此同时，非洲问题仍需解决。本文提供了苏丹尼罗河谷中部全新世狩猎采集者创造的持久定居模式的说明性案例研究。它采用了对来自赛岛保存完好的喀土穆变体遗址的大量不同类别的文物（石器工业、锤石、地面石器和陶器）进行地统计图案和视觉测绘，并将它们与考古遗址上暴露的复杂建筑特征相关联。地点 8-B-10C 的表面（1 级）可追溯到 5 世纪初期。公元前。对复杂的居住系统进行多次深入的地质统计分析，成功地记录了经过几代人的精心保存的规划内定居组织，揭示了地方的记忆。地面石器和陶器）来自赛岛保存完好的喀土穆变体遗址，并将它们与考古表面（1 级）暴露于可追溯到公元 5 世纪初的遗址 8-B-10C 的复杂建筑特征相关联。公元前。对复杂的居住系统进行多次深入的地质统计分析，成功地记录了经过几代人的精心保存的规划内定居组织，揭示了地方的记忆。地面石器和陶器）来自赛岛保存完好的喀土穆变体遗址，并将它们与考古表面（1 级）暴露于可追溯到公元 5 世纪初的遗址 8-B-10C 的复杂建筑特征相关联。公元前。对复杂的居住系统进行多次深入的地质统计分析，成功地记录了经过几代人的精心保存的规划内定居组织，揭示了地方的记忆。