ABSTRACT

Bullying, cyberbullying, and sexual harassment are violent phenomena that co-occur in adolescence and across the lifespan. Exploring the common and differential factors of these interpersonal aggressions is essential to decreasing violence in schools. The present study built upon previous literature on the subject, including the moderating role of gender. Specifically, this study analyzed the role of moral disengagement, peer group pressure, anger management and empathy on bullying, cyberbullying, and sexual harassment aggression. In total, 897 Spanish adolescent students (50.10% girls) between 15 and 18 years old (M = 15.50, SD = 0.68) participated in a cross-sectional survey. Results showed that bullying, cyberbullying, and sexual harassment were all correlated. Greater levels of moral disengagement, peer group pressure, and lower anger management predicted all three types of aggressive behavior. Affective empathy was only related to sexual harassment. Multiple Group Analysis indicated no differences regarding associated factors on the basis of gender. Knowing the common and differential factors of these three types of interpersonal violence is crucial to comprehensively develop cross-cutting programs to address violence in schools.

摘要

欺凌、网络欺凌和性骚扰是在青春期和一生中同时发生的暴力现象。探索这些人际攻击行为的共同和不同因素对于减少学校暴力至关重要。本研究建立在有关该主题的先前文献的基础上，包括性别的调节作用。具体来说，这项研究分析了道德脱离、同侪群体压力、愤怒管理和同理心对欺凌、网络欺凌和性骚扰攻击的作用。共有 897 名西班牙青少年学生（50.10% 为女孩），年龄在 15 至 18 岁之间（M = 15.50，SD = 0.68）参加了横断面调查。结果显示，欺凌、网络欺凌和性骚扰都是相关的。更高水平的道德脱离、同伴群体压力和较低的愤怒管理能力都预示着这三种类型的攻击行为。情感同理心只与性骚扰有关。多组分析表明相关因素在性别上没有差异。了解这三种人际暴力的共同点和不同点对于全面制定解决校园暴力问题的跨领域方案至关重要。