ABSTRACT

Over the last decade, we have witnessed the reinforcement of laïcité as a mode of governance, which increasingly focuses on France’s Muslim citizens. However, rather than argue that the reinforcement of laïcité is a response to a series of Islamist terror attacks since 2015 this article will consider the historical formations of political secularism in modern France and argue that we should take more seriously the historical and conceptual relationship between laïcité and coloniality. The first part of the article will problematize three ideal-type conceptualizations of laïcité from a decolonial perspective. The second part of the article will consider the historical contexts, which have influenced contemporary understandings of laïcité by examining broader processes of colonization and secularization during the 19^th century. This approach recognizes that the history of laïcité as a socio-political process predates its juridical expression in the law of 1905 which separated the state and the churches. Finally, in part three, I will outline some ways in which a decolonized conceptualization of laïcité can be an illuminating analytical tool in relation to Islamophobia and political conflicts surrounding the emergence of Muslim and anti-racist feminism via a discussion of the association Lallab.

摘要

在过去的十年中，我们目睹了政教分离作为一种治理模式的加强，这种治理模式越来越关注法国的穆斯林公民。然而，本文并不认为加强政教分离是对 2015 年以来一系列伊斯兰恐怖袭击的回应，而是考虑现代法国政治世俗主义的历史形成，并认为我们应该更认真地对待政教分离之间的历史和概念关系。和殖民性。本文的第一部分将从非殖民主义的角度对世俗主义的三种理想型概念进行质疑。本文的第二部分将考虑影响当代理解的历史背景。^{通过考察 19世纪}更广泛的殖民化和世俗化进程来实现世俗化。这种方法承认，世俗主义作为一种社会政治过程的历史早于其在 1905 年将国家与教会分离的法律中得到司法表述的时间。最后，在第三部分中，我将通过对拉拉布协会的讨论，概述一些方法，使非殖民化的世俗概念化可以成为一种具有启发性的分析工具，用于分析伊斯兰恐惧症以及围绕穆斯林和反种族主义女权主义出现的政治冲突。