As part of a (bio)colonial project, the biological information of Indigenous Peoples has historically been under scientific scrutiny, with very limited benefits for communities and donors. Negative past experiences have contributed to further exclude Indigenous communities from novel developments in the field of omics research. Over the past decade, new guidelines, reflections, and projects of genetic research with Indigenous Peoples have flourished in Australia, providing opportunities to move the field into a place of respect and ethical relationships. This review explores the ethical and cultural implications of the use of biological samples from Indigenous communities in biomedical research. A structured framework outlining emerging topics of interest for the development of respectful omics research partnerships with Indigenous Australians is presented. This paper highlights aspects related to Indigenous governance, community and individual consent, respectful handling of biological samples, data management, and communication in order to protect Indigenous interests and rights and to promote communities’ autonomy.

作为（生物）殖民项目的一部分，土著人民的生物信息历来受到科学审查，为社区和捐助者带来的好处非常有限。过去的负面经历进一步将原住民社区排除在组学研究领域的新发展之外。在过去的十年中，针对土著人民的基因研究的新指南、反思和项目在澳大利亚蓬勃发展，为将该领域推向尊重和道德关系的领域提供了机会。本综述探讨了在生物医学研究中使用原住民社区生物样本的伦理和文化影响。提出了一个结构化框架，概述了与澳大利亚土著人建立相互尊重的组学研究伙伴关系的新兴兴趣主题。本文重点介绍了与原住民治理、社区和个人同意、尊重地处理生物样本、数据管理和沟通有关的方面，以保护原住民利益和权利并促进社区自治。