Subjective social class identities—lower, working, middle, and upper—are conditioned by culture and social interactions. I argue that conservative Christianity influences subjective class identification because conservative Christian social networks are highly insular, and its culture prioritizes lower- and working-class ideologies. Using nationally representative data, I find that conservative Christians—operationalized with views of the Bible and religious tradition—are relatively likely to identify as lower and working class, and unlikely to identify as middle and upper class; that these associations are partially but not wholly mediated by higher education and family income; and that there are robust associations between religion and subjective class among those with a bachelor’s degree and above-average family incomes, but not among less-educated and lower-income Americans. These results indicate that conservative Christianity promotes a specific class culture, and that this class culture more closely aligns with biblical literalism than with affiliation with evangelical Protestant churches.

中文翻译：

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美国的宗教和主观社会阶层

主观的社会阶层身份——下层、工作、中层和上层——受文化和社会互动的制约。我认为保守的基督教会影响主观的阶级认同，因为保守的基督教社交网络是高度孤立的，其文化优先考虑下层和工人阶级的意识形态。使用具有全国代表性的数据，我发现保守的基督徒——根据圣经和宗教传统的观点来运作——相对可能被认为是下层和工人阶级，而不太可能被认为是中上层阶级；这些协会部分但不完全由高等教育和家庭收入调解；并且在拥有学士学位和家庭收入高于平均水平的人群中，宗教与主观阶级之间存在密切联系，但在受教育程度较低和收入较低的美国人中则不然。这些结果表明，保守的基督教提倡一种特定的阶级文化，而且这种阶级文化更符合圣经的字面主义，而不是与福音派新教教会的联系。