To further advance methods of exploring active faults by accurately locating their spatial position and fine structures, it is essential to develop a mathematical method for evaluating the reliability of imaging results in seismic data processing. This research introduces a new technique called “demigration”—the inverse of a seismic wave migration operation—into seismic data processing for active fault exploration. By analyzing the relationship between migration and demigration, a high-precision processing flow for active source seismic exploration data is proposed that involves prestack depth-domain reverse time migration and wave equation-based demigration. The study focuses on processing exploration data for complex fault structures, such as growth faults and flower structures. The processing results demonstrate that the proposed seismic data processing flow effectively enhances both the accuracy and reliability of the active fault seismic imaging profile. The introduction of seismic data processing operators for migration and demigration, which are inverse operations, to the field of active fault seismic exploration is expected to significantly improve the accuracy and resolution of the results. This technique can be used to achieve high-precision imaging of seismic data before joint geological drilling or other scientific drilling research. By combining multiple mathematical means for crosschecking, it can effectively ensure the positioning accuracy of the uppermost point of a fault thereby lowering the corresponding drilling costs.

为了进一步推进通过准确定位活动断层的空间位置和精细构造来探索活动断层的方法，有必要开发一种数学方法来评估地震数据处理中成像结果的可靠性。这项研究将一种称为“去偏移”的新技术——地震波偏移操作的逆运算——引入到地震数据处理中以进行活动断层勘探。通过分析偏移与反偏移的关系，提出了叠前深度域逆时偏移和基于波动方程的反偏移的活动源地震勘探数据高精度处理流程。研究重点是对生长断层、花状构造等复杂断层构造的勘探数据处理。处理结果表明，所提出的地震数据处理流程有效地提高了活动断层地震成像剖面的准确性和可靠性。将偏移和反偏移的地震数据处理算子引入活动断层地震勘探领域，有望显着提高结果的精度和分辨率。该技术可用于在联合地质钻探或其他科学钻探研究之前实现地震数据的高精度成像。通过结合多种数学手段进行交叉校验，可以有效保证断层最高点的定位精度，从而降低相应的钻井成本。