Plant-parasitic nematodes are one of the most insidious pests limiting agricultural production, parasitizing mostly belowground and occasionally aboveground plant parts. They are an important and underestimated component of the estimated 30% yield loss inflicted on crops globally by biotic constraints. Nematode damage is intensified by interactions with biotic and abiotic factors constraints: soilborne pathogens, soil fertility degradation, reduced soil biodiversity, climate variability, and policies influencing the development of improved management options. This review focuses on the following topics: ( a) biotic and abiotic constraints, ( b) modification of production systems, ( c) agricultural policies, ( d) the microbiome, ( e) genetic solutions, and ( f) remote sensing. Improving integrated nematode management (INM) across all scales of agricultural production and along the Global North–Global South divide, where inequalities influence access to technology, is discussed. The importance of the integration of technological development in INM is critical to improving food security and human well-being in the future.

中文翻译：

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转型世界中的综合线虫管理：未来的约束、政策、流程和技术

植物寄生线虫是限制农业生产的最阴险的害虫之一，主要寄生在地下，偶尔寄生在地上植物部分。由于生物限制，全球农作物产量损失估计达 30%，它们是其中一个重要但被低估的组成部分。线虫损害因生物和非生物因素限制的相互作用而加剧：土传病原体、土壤肥力退化、土壤生物多样性减少、气候变化以及影响改进管理方案制定的政策。本综述重点关注以下主题：（a）生物和非生物限制，（b）生产系统的改变，（c）农业政策，（d）微生物组，（e）遗传解决方案，以及（f）遥感。讨论了在所有规模的农业生产以及沿全球南北分界线改善线虫综合管理（INM）的问题，这些地区的不平等影响了技术的获取。 INM 中技术开发整合的重要性对于改善未来粮食安全和人类福祉至关重要。