The growth rates of freshwater fish are known to change among populations under different habitat conditions. The Amur three-lips (Opsariichthys uncirostris uncirostris), a cyprinid predator, is an endemic subspecies in the Lake Biwa–Yodogawa River system and Lake Mikata in western Japan but has also been unintentionally introduced into nonindigenous regions. Non-native populations are known to have downsized owing to their adaptation to small habitats; however, only two habitats with substantially different sizes have been assessed previously. Therefore, in this study, native and non-native Amur three-lips populations were assessed, and their growth rates associated with population type (i.e., native/non-native), habitat size, and sample period (i.e., in the 1960s or after the 2000s) were analyzed statistically. According to a literature search, seven previous studies reported the growth of this species and included mean length-at-age data (measured as body length with estimated age using otolith reading). They included three cases from the largest native habitat, Lake Biwa from different sample periods. The result of the multivariate analysis indicated that the growth rate of Amur three-lips was higher in native populations than in non-native populations and increased as habitat size increased. In addition, a model selection approach indicated that population type was a more influential covariate than habitat size. These findings suggest that Amur three-lips exhibit “home-field advantage” in terms of growth rate, that is, native populations grow larger than non-native populations. Future studies conducted on a larger geographic scale will provide further insights into the adaptation of Amur three-lips under various habitat conditions.

中文翻译：

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日本西部本地和非本地阿穆尔三唇鱼（Opsariichthys uncirostris uncirostris）种群增长率的荟萃分析

众所周知，淡水鱼的生长速度在不同栖息地条件下的种群之间会发生变化。阿穆尔三唇鱼 ( Opsariichthys uncirostris uncirostris）是一种鲤科捕食者，是琵琶湖-淀川水系和日本西部三方湖的特有亚种，但也无意中被引入非本土地区。众所周知，非本地种群由于适应狭小的栖息地而数量减少；然而，之前只评估了两个大小截然不同的栖息地。因此，在本研究中，对本地和非本地阿穆尔三唇鱼种群进行了评估，其增长率与种群类型（即本地/非本地）、栖息地大小和样本时期（即20世纪60年代或20世纪60年代）相关。 2000年代以后）进行了统计分析。根据文献检索，之前的七项研究报告了该物种的生长情况，并包括平均年龄身长数据（使用耳石读数测量体长和估计年龄）。其中包括来自最大本地栖息地琵琶湖不同样本时期的三个病例。多变量分析结果表明，阿穆尔三唇的生长速度在本地种群中高于非本地种群，并且随着栖息地面积的增加而增加。此外，模型选择方法表明，种群类型是比栖息地规模更具影响力的协变量。这些发现表明，阿穆尔三唇在增长率方面表现出“主场优势”，即本地人口的增长速度高于非本地人口的增长。未来在更大地理范围内进行的研究将为阿穆尔三唇在不同栖息地条件下的适应提供进一步的见解。多变量分析结果表明，阿穆尔三唇的生长速度在本地种群中高于非本地种群，并且随着栖息地面积的增加而增加。此外，模型选择方法表明，种群类型是比栖息地规模更具影响力的协变量。这些发现表明，阿穆尔三唇在增长率方面表现出“主场优势”，即本地人口的增长速度高于非本地人口的增长。未来在更大地理范围内进行的研究将为阿穆尔三唇在不同栖息地条件下的适应提供进一步的见解。多变量分析结果表明，阿穆尔三唇的生长速度在本地种群中高于非本地种群，并且随着栖息地面积的增加而增加。此外，模型选择方法表明，种群类型是比栖息地规模更具影响力的协变量。这些发现表明，阿穆尔三唇在增长率方面表现出“主场优势”，即本地人口的增长速度高于非本地人口的增长。未来在更大地理范围内进行的研究将为阿穆尔三唇在不同栖息地条件下的适应提供进一步的见解。模型选择方法表明，人口类型是比栖息地规模更具影响力的协变量。这些发现表明，阿穆尔三唇在增长率方面表现出“主场优势”，即本地人口的增长速度高于非本地人口的增长。未来在更大地理范围内进行的研究将为阿穆尔三唇在不同栖息地条件下的适应提供进一步的见解。模型选择方法表明，人口类型是比栖息地规模更具影响力的协变量。这些发现表明，阿穆尔三唇在增长率方面表现出“主场优势”，即本地人口的增长速度高于非本地人口的增长。未来在更大地理范围内进行的研究将为阿穆尔三唇在不同栖息地条件下的适应提供进一步的见解。