Redox flow batteries (RFBs) with decoupling energy and power, high safety, long durability and easy scalability have been considered as giant promising candidates for large-scale energy storage systems. As a key component of RFBs, the electrodes provide active sites for the conversion between electrical and chemical energies. Thus, the electrochemical properties of both the positive and negative electrodes are significantly important to the performance of batteries, especially the energy efficiency and the power. Therefore, improving the electrochemical performance of electrodes by effective modifications is essential for the advancements of RFBs. With high conductivity, high activity and stability, metal-based electrocatalysts have been widely used to modify and increase the electrochemical activities of electrodes in RFBs. This review summarizes and discusses the applications of metal-based electrocatalysts modified carbon-based electrodes of RFBs in a wide pH range (the acidic, alkaline and neutral electrolytes), including the characterizations of physicochemical and electrochemical properties of electrodes, the cell performance, the merits, and limitations.

中文翻译：

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具有金属基电催化剂的电极，用于宽 pH 范围内的氧化还原液流电池

氧化还原液流电池 (RFB) 具有能量和功率解耦、安全性高、耐用性和易于扩展的特点，被认为是大规模储能系统的巨大有前途的候选者。作为 RFB 的关键组成部分，电极为电能和化学能之间的转换提供了活性位点。因此，正极和负极的电化学性质对电池的性能非常重要，尤其是能量效率和功率。因此，通过有效的修饰来提高电极的电化学性能对于RFB的发展至关重要。金属基电催化剂具有高导电性、高活性和稳定性，已被广泛用于修饰和提高 RFB 中电极的电化学活性。