Abstract

The unprecedented anomalies of the annual runoff of the Volga and the Northern Dvina rivers in 1920–1940s are considered in the context of global warming in the mid-twentieth century and climate extremes of recent decades. The analysis of climate characteristics demonstrates that the global temperature rise during a given period manifested itself in the long-term drought in 1934–1940s on the Eastern European Plain, which, according to Palmer’s classification, has no analogues in the region in terms of intensity and duration and caused extreme hydrological events. The results of the spectral analysis of the river runoff variability, as well as the analysis of empirical orthogonal functions of atmospheric pressure anomalies, suggest that the droughts of 1972 and 2010 can be considered as the closest similar phenomena, but significantly inferior in their impact on the natural environment.

中文翻译：

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20世纪初变暖期间东欧平原的极端干旱：现代气候条件下的气候特征和类比

摘要

1920-1940 年代伏尔加河和北德维纳河年径流前所未有的异常是在二十世纪中叶全球变暖和近几十年极端气候的背景下考虑的。气候特征分析表明，特定时期的全球气温上升表现为 1934-1940 年代东欧平原的长期干旱，根据 Palmer 的分类，其强度在该地区没有类似物和持续时间并导致极端水文事件。河流径流变化的光谱分析结果，以及大气压力异常的经验正交函数分析表明，1972 年和 2010 年的干旱可以被认为是最接近的相似现象，