Only since a landmark decision by the Federal Court of Justice on 1 February 2017 has it been clear that family courts in Germany can order symmetric joint physical custody against the will of one parent. The prerequisite is that this solution is in the child’s best interests. This article analyses which criteria have been used by courts to order this physical custody arrangement since the decision. It also presents the results of the Family Models in Germany (FAMOD) study, which the authors conducted in Germany by interviewing a total of 1,554 families to investigate the living conditions of children cared for in joint physical custody care arrangements. Joint physical custody children were compared to children growing up in sole physical custody arrangements. Results show that joint physical custody can be a good solution for parents who succeed in keeping interparental conflict away from their children and reach an amicable agreement on the care of their children after separation. However, the advantages of joint physical custody were more apparent for children in the age group of 7–14 years than for younger children in the age group of 2–6 years. Furthermore, asymmetric joint physical custody seemed to have more positive effects on children’s well-being than symmetric joint physical custody.

中文翻译：

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德国的共同监护权：德国家庭模式 (FAMOD) 研究的法律框架和结果

直到 2017 年 2 月 1 日联邦法院作出具有里程碑意义的裁决后，德国的家庭法院才明确可以违背父母一方的意愿下令进行对称的共同人身监护。前提是这个解决方案符合孩子的最大利益。本文分析了自判决以来法院使用哪些标准来下令进行这种人身监护安排。它还介绍了德国家庭模式 (FAMOD) 研究的结果，该研究的作者在德国进行，采访了总共 1,554 个家庭，以调查在共同监护安排下照顾的儿童的生活条件。将共同监护儿童与在单独监护安排下长大的儿童进行了比较。结果表明，对于父母来说，共同抚养权是一个很好的解决办法，可以使父母之间的冲突远离子女，并就分居后子女的抚养问题达成友好协议。然而，对于 7-14 岁年龄组的儿童，与 2-6 岁年龄组的年幼儿童相比，共同监护的优势更为明显。此外，不对称的共同身体监护似乎比对称的共同身体监护对儿童的福祉有更积极的影响。