The Pliensbachian–Toarcian transition was characterised by a drastic turnover from a cool climate to a period of rapid global warming. While the warming associated with the Early Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event is rather well-studied, the cause, intensity and extent of the preceding cooling in the late Pliensbachian are still discussed. Occurrences of glendonite play an important role in this debate, since glendonite is a pseudomorph after the cryophilic carbonate mineral ikaite. This study describes the first glendonite-bearing carbonate concretions from South Germany (Buttenheim clay pit, northern Franconian Alb), which represent the southernmost glendonite occurrence in the late Pliensbachian documented so far. Based on petrographical and sedimentological investigations as well as stable isotope analyses it is concluded that a low temperature was the main factor for ikaite formation in the studied section, suggesting that the late Pliensbachian cooling had a more far-reaching impact on the temperature of the European epicontinental sea than previously assumed. To explain the low temperatures required for ikaite precipitation, a model for the sea-ice driven formation of cold bottom-water masses on the continental shelf is proposed. The occurrence of several layers containing reworked hiatus concretions in the studied outcrop is interpreted as the result of recurrent sea-level falls caused by multiple glacial pulses characterising the overall cool climate in the late Pliensbachian.

Pliensbachian-Toarcian 转变的特点是从凉爽气候到全球快速变暖时期的急剧转变。虽然与早期托尔世海洋缺氧事件相关的变暖得到了很好的研究，但仍在讨论晚期普林斯巴赫期之前变冷的原因、强度和程度。硅钙石的出现在这场争论中起着重要作用，因为硅钙石是继低温碳酸盐矿物 ikaite 之后的假晶。本研究描述了来自德国南部（Buttenheim 粘土坑，北部 Franconian Alb）的第一个含石英砂砾岩的碳酸盐结核，它代表了迄今为止记录的普林斯巴阶晚期最南端的石英砂岩矿藏。基于岩相学和沉积学调查以及稳定同位素分析得出的结论是，低温是研究部分中 kaite 形成的主要因素，这表明晚期普林斯巴赫冷却对欧洲的温度具有更深远的影响大陆外海比以前假设的要多。为了解释 kaite 沉淀所需的低温，提出了大陆架上由海冰驱动的冷底水团形成模型。在所研究的露头中出现的几层含有重新加工的裂孔结核被解释为多次冰川脉冲引起的海平面反复下降的结果，这些冰川脉冲是普林斯巴赫晚期整体凉爽气候的特征。这表明晚期普林斯巴赫冷却对欧洲大陆外海温度的影响比之前假设的更深远。为了解释 kaite 沉淀所需的低温，提出了大陆架上由海冰驱动的冷底水团形成模型。在所研究的露头中出现的几层含有重新加工的裂孔结核被解释为多次冰川脉冲引起的海平面反复下降的结果，这些冰川脉冲是普林斯巴赫晚期整体凉爽气候的特征。这表明晚期普林斯巴赫冷却对欧洲大陆外海温度的影响比之前假设的更深远。为了解释 kaite 沉淀所需的低温，提出了大陆架上由海冰驱动的冷底水团形成模型。在所研究的露头中出现的几层含有重新加工的裂孔结核被解释为多次冰川脉冲引起的海平面反复下降的结果，这些冰川脉冲是普林斯巴赫晚期整体凉爽气候的特征。提出了大陆架上由海冰驱动形成冷底水团的模型。在所研究的露头中出现的几层含有重新加工的裂孔结核被解释为多次冰川脉冲引起的海平面反复下降的结果，这些冰川脉冲是普林斯巴赫晚期整体凉爽气候的特征。提出了大陆架上由海冰驱动形成冷底水团的模型。在所研究的露头中出现的几层含有重新加工的裂孔结核被解释为多次冰川脉冲引起的海平面反复下降的结果，这些冰川脉冲是普林斯巴赫晚期整体凉爽气候的特征。