Considering the important effect of mineral composition, this article deduces the similarity criterion based on the dimensional method. Similar materials suitable for tuffs with different degrees of weathering in karst areas are made. By virtue of the orthogonal experiment, the mechanical behaviors of the similar materials with various mix proportions are systematically investigated. It provides an important reference and basis for the next proposed model tests on the stability of tuff strata in karst areas. The results indicate that a stable mechanical behavior can be achieved for the similar material made of quartz sand, cement, gypsum, limestone powder, diatomite, red clay, and water. Moreover, it is also found that the aggregate and the binder have an observable influence on the mechanical behavior of the similar material. With an increase in the amount of cement and gypsum, the homogeneity of the sample increases, failure mode in which the specimen shows lateral compression damage. However, with increasing the amount of quartz sand, there is a tendency that a weak structural plane will be generated within the sample. Thus, this similar material can be satisfactorily used for simulating limestone of different weathering degrees in a scaled model test.

中文翻译：

---

岩溶地区风化石灰岩新型相似材料的力学性能实验研究

考虑到矿物成分的重要影响，本文推导了基于量纲法的相似判据。制成适用于喀斯特地区不同风化程度凝灰岩的类似材料。通过正交试验，系统地研究了不同混合比例的相似材料的力学行为。为下一步提出的岩溶地区凝灰岩地层稳定性模型试验提供了重要的参考和依据。结果表明，由石英砂、水泥、石膏、石灰石粉、硅藻土、红粘土和水制成的类似材料可以获得稳定的力学性能。此外，还发现骨料和粘结剂对类似材料的力学行为具有可观察到的影响。随着水泥和石膏用量的增加，试样的均匀性增加，试样出现横向压缩破坏的破坏模式。但随着石英砂用量的增加，样品内部有产生弱结构面的趋势。因此，这种相似的材料可以很好地用于模拟不同风化程度的石灰岩的比例模型试验。