Erinacines derived from Hericium erinaceus have been shown to possess various health benefits including neuroprotective effect against neurodegenerative diseases, yet the underlying mechanism remains unknown. Here we found that erinacine S enhances neurite outgrowth in a cell autonomous fashion. It promotes post-injury axon regeneration of PNS neurons and enhances regeneration on inhibitory substrates of CNS neurons. Using RNA-seq and bioinformatic analyses, erinacine S was found to cause the accumulation of neurosteroids in neurons. ELISA and neurosteroidogenesis inhibitor assays were performed to validate this effect. This research uncovers a previously unknown effect of erinacine S on raising the level of neurosteroids.

中文翻译：

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来自猴头菇菌丝体的 Erinacine S 通过诱导神经类固醇积累促进神经元再生。

来自猴头菇的刺猬素已被证明具有多种健康益处，包括对神经退行性疾病的神经保护作用，但其潜在机制仍然未知。在这里，我们发现 erinacine S 以细胞自主方式增强神经突生长。它促进 PNS 神经元的损伤后轴突再生，并增强 CNS 神经元抑制底物的再生。使用 RNA-seq 和生物信息学分析，发现 erinacine S 会导致神经元中神经类固醇的积累。进行 ELISA 和神经类固醇生成抑制剂测定以验证这种效果。这项研究揭示了先前未知的 erinacine S 对提高神经类固醇水平的影响。