The successful design of economically viable bioprocesses can help to abate global dependence on petroleum, increase supply chain resilience, and add value to agriculture. Specifically, bioprocessing provides the opportunity to replace petrochemical production methods with biological methods and to develop novel bioproducts. Even though a vast range of chemicals can be biomanufactured, the constraints of economic viability, especially while competing with petrochemicals, are severe. There have been extensive gains in our ability to engineer microbes for improved production metrics and for utilization of target carbon sources. The impact of growth medium composition on process cost and organism performance receives less attention in the literature than organism engineering efforts, with media optimization often being performed in proprietary settings. The widespread use of corn steep liquor (CSL) as a nutrient source demonstrates the viability and importance of ‘waste’ streams in biomanufacturing. There are other promising waste streams that can be used to increase the sustainability of biomanufacturing, such as the use of urea instead of fossil fuel-intensive ammonia, and the use of struvite instead of contributing to the depletion of phosphate reserves. In this review, we discuss several process-specific optimizations of micronutrients that increased product titers by 2-fold or more. This practice of deliberate and thoughtful sourcing and adjustment of nutrients can substantially impact process metrics. Yet the mechanisms are rarely explored, making it difficult to generalize results to other processes. In this review, we will discuss examples of nutrient sourcing and adjustment as a means of process improvement.

中文翻译：

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生物制造集约化的战略营养物采购

成功设计经济上可行的生物工艺有助于减轻全球对石油的依赖，提高供应链的弹性，并增加农业价值。具体来说，生物加工提供了用生物方法替代石化生产方法并开发新型生物产品的机会。尽管可以生物制造大量化学品，但经济可行性的限制非常严重，特别是在与石化产品竞争时。我们设计微生物以改善生产指标和利用目标碳源的能力取得了巨大的进步。与生物工程工作相比，生长培养基成分对工艺成本和生物体性能的影响在文献中受到的关注较少，培养基优化通常在专有环境中进行。玉米浆 (CSL) 作为营养源的广泛使用证明了“废”流在生物制造中的可行性和重要性。还有其他有前景的废物流可用于提高生物制造的可持续性，例如使用尿素代替化石燃料密集型氨，以及使用鸟粪石而不是导致磷酸盐储备的消耗。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了微量营养素的几种特定于工艺的优化，这些优化将产品滴度提高了 2 倍或更多。这种深思熟虑的营养素来源和调整的做法可以极大地影响过程指标。然而，这些机制很少被探索，因此很难将结果推广到其他过程。在本次综述中，我们将讨论营养物来源和调整作为过程改进手段的示例。