Changed land use, nitrogen deposition, climate change, and the spread of non-native species have repeatedly been reported as the main drivers of recent floristic changes in northern Europe. However, the relevance of the geographical scale at which floristic changes are observed is less well understood and it has only rarely been possible to quantify biodiversity loss. Therefore, we assessed changes in species richness, species composition and mean ecological indicator values (EIVs) at three nested geographic scales during two different time periods, each ca 30 years, since the mid-1900s.

中文翻译：

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1957 年至 2021 年瑞典斯堪尼亚的植物多样性丧失的幅度和驱动因素因空间尺度而异

土地利用变化、氮沉降、气候变化和外来物种的传播一再被报道为北欧近期植物区系变化的主要驱动因素。然而，人们对观察到的植物区系变化的地理范围的相关性知之甚少，而且很少有可能量化生物多样性的丧失。因此，我们评估了自 1900 年代中期以来两个不同时间段内三个嵌套地理尺度的物种丰富度、物种组成和平均生态指标值 (EIV) 的变化，每个时间段约 30 年。