The performance of children and young adults with Down syndrome (DS) on reading subskills and nonword reading was investigated. The performance of the participants with DS (N = 42) was compared to that of typically developing (N = 36) peers matched on fluid intelligence abilities. The study accounted for the different depths in orthography presented by the two languages. The independent samples t-test, Mann–Whitney U-test, ANCOVA and correlation analysis were used to analyse the data. This study identified that the participants with DS had several strengths, such as nonword reading, visual discrimination (VD) and phonological awareness. Verbal short-term memory, visual perceptual processing skills other than VD and rhyming skills were identified as weaker in DS compared with the control group. Results call for educators to expose readers with DS to a phonological approach to reading while accommodating difficulties in VSTM.

中文翻译：

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唐氏综合症患者的非文字阅读和其他阅读相关技能

对患有唐氏综合症（DS）的儿童和年轻人在阅读技能和非单词阅读方面的表现进行了调查。将患有 DS 的参与者 ( N = 42) 的表现与流体智力能力匹配的典型发展同龄人 ( N = 36) 的表现进行比较 。该研究解释了两种语言的正字法的不同深度。独立样本t检验，Mann–Whitney U-检验、ANCOVA和相关分析用于分析数据。这项研究发现，患有 DS 的参与者具有多种优势，例如非文字阅读、视觉辨别力 (VD) 和语音意识。与对照组相比，DS 组的言语短期记忆、除 VD 之外的视觉感知处理技能和押韵技能较弱。研究结果要求教育工作者让患有 DS 的读者接触语音阅读方法，同时适应 VSTM 中的困难。