There is a dearth of research examining the relation between culture and childhood self-regulation in family psychology. Family orientation refers to the emphasis on providing support, respect, and obligation to the family system, and it is important for children's functioning, yet existing literature on related constructs often relies on parent-reported measures. Additionally, twin research has neglected the role of culture in the genetic and environmental contributions to children's self-regulation. Using observational and self-reported data from children, parents, and teachers, this study (a) proposed novel coding schemes and factor analytic approaches to capture family orientation, (b) examined associations between family orientation and self-regulation, and (c) tested whether family orientation moderated the heritability of self-regulation in middle childhood. Twin children (N = 710; Mage = 8.38 years, SD = 0.66; 49.1% female; 28.3% Hispanic/Latino/x, 58.5% White) were drawn from the Arizona Twin Project, which recruited children from birth records at 12 months of age. Family orientation values were indexed by parent-reported familism, and family orientation behaviors comprised coded measures of children's family orientation and experimenter ratings of caregiver and child behavior. Self-regulation was assessed using multiple task-based assessments of executive function and parent- and teacher-reported effortful control. Net of covariates, higher family orientation behaviors positively predicted nearly all measures of children's self-regulation, and associations were consistent across sex, family socioeconomic status, and race/ethnicity. There was no evidence that family orientation values nor behaviors moderated the heritability of children's self-regulation. This study highlights the complex nature of cultural variation within the family and its importance for children's self-regulatory abilities. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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家庭取向和儿童自我调节的新措施：一项遗传信息双胞胎研究。

缺乏关于家庭心理学中文化与儿童自我调节之间关系的研究。家庭取向是指强调为家庭系统提供支持、尊重和义务，这对儿童的功能很重要，但现有的相关结构文献往往依赖于家长报告的措施。此外，双胞胎研究忽视了文化在遗传和环境对儿童自我调节的贡献中的作用。本研究利用儿童、家长和教师的观察和自我报告数据，(a) 提出了新颖的编码方案和因素分析方法来捕捉家庭取向，(b) 检查了家庭取向和自我调节之间的关联，以及 (c)测试了家庭取向是否调节了童年中期自我调节的遗传力。双胞胎儿童（N = 710；法师 = 8.38 岁，SD = 0.66；49.1% 为女性；28.3% 为西班牙裔/拉丁裔/x，58.5% 为白人）来自亚利桑那双胞胎项目，该项目从出生记录中招募 12 个月大的孩子。年龄。家庭取向价值观以家长报告的家庭主义为索引，家庭取向行为包括儿童家庭取向的编码测量以及实验者对照顾者和儿童行为的评分。使用多种基于任务的执行功能评估以及家长和老师报告的努力控制来评估自我调节。扣除协变量后，较高的家庭取向行为可以积极预测几乎所有儿童自我调节的指标，并且这种关联在性别、家庭社会经济地位和种族/民族之间是一致的。没有证据表明家庭取向价值观或行为会调节儿童自我调节的遗传性。这项研究强调了家庭内文化差异的复杂性及其对儿童自我调节能力的重要性。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。