Continued advances in precision medicine rely on the widespread sharing of data that relate human genetic variation to disease. However, data sharing is severely limited by legal, regulatory, and ethical restrictions that safeguard patient privacy. Federated analysis addresses this problem by transferring the code to the data—providing the technical and legal capability to analyze the data within their secure home environment rather than transferring the data to another institution for analysis. This allows researchers to gain new insights from data that cannot be moved, while respecting patient privacy and the data stewards’ legal obligations. Because federated analysis is a technical solution to the legal challenges inherent in data sharing, the technology and policy implications must be evaluated together. Here, we summarize the technical approaches to federated analysis and provide a legal analysis of their policy implications.

中文翻译：

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隐私保护数据共享的联合分析：技术和法律入门

精准医学的持续进步依赖于人类遗传变异与疾病相关数据的广泛共享。然而，数据共享受到保护患者隐私的法律、监管和道德限制的严重限制。联合分析通过将代码传输到数据来解决这个问题，提供在安全的家庭环境中分析数据的技术和法律能力，而不是将数据传输到另一个机构进行分析。这使得研究人员能够从无法移动的数据中获得新的见解，同时尊重患者的隐私和数据管理员的法律义务。由于联合分析是针对数据共享固有的法律挑战的技术解决方案，因此必须一起评估技术和政策影响。在这里，我们总结了联合分析的技术方法，并对其政策影响进行了法律分析。