The A.M. breccia is part of the Giant Copper porphyry deposit in southern British Columbia. It is the only well-defined zoned tourmaline breccia pipe in the Canadian Cordillera. Tourmaline is a common alteration mineral within the A.M. breccia and is spatially associated with Cu mineralization. Observed changes in tourmaline chemistry range from alkali (schorlitic-dravitic) to calcic (feruvitic-uvitic). Tourmaline subspecies vary based on their spatial location within the A.M. breccia. Tourmaline outside of the pipe contains higher concentrations of Mg, whereas tourmaline preferentially incorporates Fe within the pipe. These chemical variations are indistinguishable in hand specimens. Spectral reflectance data were collected from 587 tourmaline grains to determine if discerning chemical changes in tourmaline can be made field-based and thus more cost-effective. Spectral reflectance differentiates tourmaline associated with mineralization and breccia textures from tourmaline occurring distal to the pipe contact or within barren tourmaline breccia pipes. Fe-rich tourmaline within the A.M. breccia shows spectral characteristics of end-member schorl (Fe-rich) spectra. Tourmaline distal to the A.M. breccia and within barren pipes demonstrates spectra of end-member dravite (Mg-rich). This grouping suggests that tourmaline subspecies can be inferred by spectral reflectance, enhancing the efficiency of tourmaline as a mineral vector.Tourmaline was also identified via airborne spectral surveys. However, the airborne spectral survey did not identify the end-member spectral properties identified by in situ analysis. Airborne spectral surveys can rapidly identify tourmaline breccia pipe exposures and expedite early stages of exploration in ore districts where tourmaline is a known gangue mineral.

中文翻译：

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通过化学和反射光谱法在巨大的铜斑岩矿床和相关的电气石角砾岩管中区分电气石种类：测试电气石作为矿物载体

AM 角砾岩是不列颠哥伦比亚省南部巨型铜斑岩矿床的一部分。它是加拿大科迪勒拉山脉中唯一明确划分的碧玺角砾岩管。电气石是 AM 角砾岩中常见的蚀变矿物，在空间上与 Cu 矿化有关。观察到的电气石化学变化范围从碱性（锌镁石-钙质）到钙质（铁钙质-钙质）。碧玺亚种因其在 AM 角砾岩中的空间位置而异。管道外的电气石含有较高浓度的镁，而管道内的电气石优先结合铁。这些化学变化在手标本中是无法区分的。从 587 颗电气石颗粒中收集了光谱反射率数据，以确定电气石的可辨别化学变化是否可以基于现场进行，从而更具成本效益。光谱反射率将与矿化和角砾岩结构相关的碧玺与发生在管道接触远端或贫瘠的碧玺角砾岩管道内的碧玺区分开来。AM 角砾岩中的富铁碧玺显示出端元肖尔（富铁）光谱的光谱特征。远离 AM 角砾岩和贫瘠管道内的碧玺展示了端元镁镁石（富镁）的光谱。这种分组表明可以通过光谱反射率推断碧玺亚种，从而提高碧玺作为矿物载体的效率。碧玺还通过航空光谱调查进行了鉴定。然而，机载光谱调查没有确定原位分析确定的终端成员光谱特性。航空光谱调查可以快速识别电气石角砾岩管暴露，并加快电气石是已知脉石矿物的矿区的早期勘探。