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Confidence in the treatment decision for an individual patient: strategies for sequential assessment.
Statistics and Its Interface ( IF 0.8 ) Pub Date : 2023-04-14 , DOI: 10.4310/22-sii737
Nina Orwitz 1 , Thaddeus Tarpey 1 , Eva Petkova 1
Affiliation  

Evolving medical technologies have motivated the development of treatment decision rules (TDRs) that incorporate complex, costly data (e.g., imaging). In clinical practice, we aim for TDRs to be valuable by reducing unnecessary testing while still identifying the best possible treatment for a patient. Regardless of how well any TDR performs in the target population, there is an associated degree of uncertainty about its optimality for a specific patient. In this paper, we aim to quantify, via a confidence measure, the uncertainty in a TDR as patient data from sequential procedures accumulate in real-time. We first propose estimating confidence using the distance of a patient's vector of covariates to a treatment decision boundary, with further distances corresponding to higher certainty. We further propose measuring confidence through the conditional probabilities of ultimately (with all possible information available) being assigned a particular treatment, given that the same treatment is assigned with the patient's currently available data or given the treatment recommendation made using only the currently available patient data. As patient data accumulate, the treatment decision is updated and confidence reassessed until a sufficiently high confidence level is achieved. We present results from simulation studies and illustrate the methods using a motivating example from a depression clinical trial. Recommendations for practical use of the measures are proposed.

中文翻译:

个体患者治疗决策的信心:序贯评估策略。

不断发展的医疗技术推动了治疗决策规则 (TDR) 的发展,其中包含复杂、昂贵的数据(例如,成像)。在临床实践中,我们的目标是通过减少不必要的测试来使 TDR 变得有价值,同时仍然为患者确定最佳治疗方法。无论任何 TDR 在目标人群中的表现如何,其对特定患者的最优性都存在一定程度的不确定性。在本文中,我们的目标是通过置信度度量来量化 TDR 中的不确定性,因为来自连续程序的患者数据实时累积。我们首先建议使用患者的协变量向量与治疗决策边界的距离来估计置信度,距离越远对应于更高的确定性。我们进一步建议通过最终(所有可能的信息可用)被分配特定治疗的条件概率来衡量置信度,假设相同的治疗被分配给患者当前可用的数据或给出仅使用当前可用的患者数据提出的治疗建议. 随着患者数据的积累,治疗决策会得到更新并重新评估置信度,直到达到足够高的置信度水平。我们展示了模拟研究的结果,并使用来自抑郁症临床试验的激励性示例来说明这些方法。提出了实际使用这些措施的建议。假设相同的治疗分配有患者当前可用的数据,或者给出的治疗建议仅使用当前可用的患者数据。随着患者数据的积累,治疗决策会得到更新并重新评估置信度,直到达到足够高的置信度水平。我们展示了模拟研究的结果,并使用来自抑郁症临床试验的激励性示例来说明这些方法。提出了实际使用这些措施的建议。假设相同的治疗分配有患者当前可用的数据,或者给出的治疗建议仅使用当前可用的患者数据。随着患者数据的积累,治疗决策会得到更新并重新评估置信度,直到达到足够高的置信度水平。我们展示了模拟研究的结果,并使用来自抑郁症临床试验的激励性示例来说明这些方法。提出了实际使用这些措施的建议。我们展示了模拟研究的结果,并使用来自抑郁症临床试验的激励性示例来说明这些方法。提出了实际使用这些措施的建议。我们展示了模拟研究的结果,并使用来自抑郁症临床试验的激励性示例来说明这些方法。提出了实际使用这些措施的建议。
更新日期:2023-04-14
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