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Effect of Disease-Modifying Therapies on COVID-19 Vaccination Efficacy in Multiple Sclerosis Patients: A Comprehensive Review.
Viral Immunology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-06-05 , DOI: 10.1089/vim.2023.0035 Elham Jamali 1, 2 , Shima Shapoori 3 , Majid Reza Farrokhi 4, 5 , Sina Vakili 6 , Davoud Rostamzadeh 7, 8 , Farideh Iravanpour 4 , Razieh Tavakoli Oliaee 4 , Morteza Jafarinia 4
Viral Immunology ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2023-06-05 , DOI: 10.1089/vim.2023.0035 Elham Jamali 1, 2 , Shima Shapoori 3 , Majid Reza Farrokhi 4, 5 , Sina Vakili 6 , Davoud Rostamzadeh 7, 8 , Farideh Iravanpour 4 , Razieh Tavakoli Oliaee 4 , Morteza Jafarinia 4
Affiliation
According to current knowledge, the etiopathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) is complex, involving genetic background as well as several environmental factors that result in dysimmunity in the central nervous system (CNS). MS is an immune-mediated, inflammatory neurological disease affecting the CNS. As part of its attack on the axons of the CNS, MS witnesses varying degrees of myelin and axonal loss. A total of about 20 disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) are available today that, both in clinical trials and in real-world studies, reduce disease activity, such as relapses, magnetic resonance imaging lesions, and disability accumulation. Currently, the world is facing an outbreak of the new coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), which originated in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019 and spread rapidly around the globe. Viral infections play an important role in triggering and maintaining neuroinflammation through direct and indirect mechanisms. There is an old association between MS and viral infections. In the context of MS-related chronic inflammatory damage within the CNS, there has been concern regarding COVID-19 worsening neurological damage. A high rate of disability and increased susceptibility to infection have made MS patients particularly vulnerable. In addition, DMTs have been a concern during the pandemic since many DMTs have immunosuppressive properties. In this article, we discuss the impact of DMTs on COVID-19 risks and the effect of DMTs on COVID-19 vaccination efficacy and outcome in MS patients.
更新日期：2023-06-05
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