We explored factors associated with weight gain among people with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy (ART) at The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center (OSUWMC). This was a retrospective cohort study of adult PWH on ART for ≥3 months. Patients with CD4+ T cell count <200 cells/mm3, viral load >200 copies/mL, history of malignancy, or pregnancy were excluded. Eight hundred seventy patients met criteria. The primary outcome was percent weight change over the follow-up period (Δ = relative effects). The secondary outcome was the odds of ≥5 kg weight gain over the study period. The effects of concurrent medications, medical comorbidities, ART combinations, and lifestyle behaviors on these outcomes were modeled using mixed effects regression analyses. Over a mean follow-up of 1.86 years, the study population gained a mean percent weight of 2.12% ± 0.21% (p < .001) with the odds of ≥5 kg weight gain of 0.293 (p < .001). Males gained an average of 1.88% ± 0.22% over follow up, while females gained an average of 3.37% ± 0.51% over follow up (p = .008 for the difference). In regression models, combination therapy with tenofovir alafenamide (TAF) and integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI) containing regimens was associated with an increase in weight over the study period (Δ = 2.14% ± 0.45%, p < .001 and Δ = 1.09% ± 0.39%, p = .005, respectively). Increasing age was significantly associated with a decrease in percent weight change over the study period (Δ = -0.68% ± 0.18% per year, p < .001). Self-reported improvement in diet was associated with a decrease in weight change (Δ = -1.99% ± 0.47%, p ≤ .001) and reduced odds of ≥5 kg weight gain (odds ratio = 0.70, 95% confidence interval = 0.50-0.97, p = .03). Factors associated with weight gain include therapy with TAF and INSTI. Diet may play an influential role in attenuating weight gain in PWH.

中文翻译：

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HIV 感染者的体重增加：人口统计学、抗逆转录病毒治疗和生活方式因素对体重的作用。

我们探讨了俄亥俄州立大学韦克斯纳医学中心 (OSUWMC) 接受抗逆转录病毒治疗 (ART) 的 HIV 感染者 (PWH) 体重增加的相关因素。这是一项针对接受 ART ≥3 个月的成人感染者的回顾性队列研究。CD4+ T 细胞计数<200 个细胞/mm3、病毒载量>200 拷贝/mL、有恶性肿瘤病史或妊娠的患者被排除。八百七十名患者符合标准。主要结果是随访期间的体重变化百分比（Δ=相对效应）。次要结果是研究期间体重增加≥5公斤的几率。使用混合效应回归分析对同时服用药物、合并症、ART 组合和生活方式行为对这些结果的影响进行了建模。平均随访时间为 1.86 年，研究人群的平均体重百分比为 2.12% ± 0.21% (p < .001)，体重增加 ≥5 kg 的几率为 0.293 (p < .001)。男性在随访期间平均提高了 1.88% ± 0.22%，而女性在随访期间平均提高了 3.37% ± 0.51%（差异 p = .008）。在回归模型中，含替诺福韦艾拉酚胺 (TAF) 和整合酶链转移抑制剂 (INSTI) 的联合治疗方案与研究期间体重增加相关（Δ = 2.14% ± 0.45%，p < .001 且 Δ = 1.09 % ± 0.39%，p = .005，分别）。研究期间年龄的增加与体重变化百分比的下降显着相关（每年Δ = -0.68% ± 0.18%，p < .001）。自我报告的饮食改善与体重变化的减少相关（Δ = -1.99% ± 0.47%，p ≤ . 001) 并降低体重增加 ≥5 kg 的几率（优势比 = 0.70，95% 置信区间 = 0.50-0.97，p = .03）。与体重增加相关的因素包括 TAF 和 INSTI 治疗。饮食可能在减轻孕妇体重增加方面发挥重要作用。