This study is aimed to optimise the preparation factors, such as sonication time (5-20 min), cholesterol to lecetin ratio (CHLR) (0.2-0.8), and essential oil content (0.1-0.3 g/100 g) in solvent evaporation method for formulation of liposomal nanocarriers containing garlic essential oil (GEO) in order to find the highest encapsulation efficiency and stability with strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial activity. The droplet size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, turbidity, changes in turbidity after storage (as a measure of instability), antioxidant capacity, and antimicrobial activity were measured for all prepared samples of nanoliposome. The sonication time is recognised as the most effective factor on the droplet size, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency, turbidity, and instability while CHLR was the most effective factor on zeta potential and instability. The content of GEO significantly affected the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity in particular against gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli). The results of FTIR based on the identification of functional groups confirmed the presence of GEO in the spectra of the prepared nanoliposome and also it was not observed the interaction between the components of the nanoliposome. The overall optimum conditions were determined by response surface methodology (RSM) as the predicted values of the studied factors (sonication time: 18.99 min, CHLR: 0.59 and content of GEO: 0.3 g/100 g) based on obtaining the highest stability and efficiency as well as strongest antioxidant and antimicrobial activity.

中文翻译：

---

负载大蒜精油（Allium sativum）的脂质体纳米载体中溶剂蒸发方法的优化：基于包封效率、抗氧化能力和不稳定性。

本研究旨在优化制备因素，例如超声处理时间（5-20​​ 分钟）、胆固醇与凝集素比率（CHLR）（0.2-0.8）和溶剂蒸发中的精油含量（0.1-0.3 g/100 g）含有大蒜精油（GEO）的脂质体纳米载体的配制方法，以找到最高的包封率和稳定性以及最强的抗氧化和抗菌活性。测量了所有制备的纳米脂质体样品的液滴大小、zeta 电位、包封效率、浊度、储存后浊度的变化（作为不稳定的量度）、抗氧化能力和抗菌活性。超声处理时间被认为是影响液滴尺寸、zeta 电位、包封率、浊度和不稳定性的最有效因素，而 CHLR 是影响 zeta 电位和不稳定性的最有效因素。GEO 的含量显着影响抗氧化和抗菌活性，特别是针对革兰氏阴性菌（大肠杆菌）。基于官能团鉴定的FTIR结果证实了所制备的纳米脂质体的光谱中存在GEO，并且没有观察到纳米脂质体组分之间的相互作用。在获得最高稳定性和效率的基础上，通过响应面法（RSM）确定总体最佳条件作为研究因素的预测值（超声处理时间：18.99 min，CHLR：0.59，GEO含量：0.3 g/100 g）以及最强的抗氧化和抗菌活性。