The development of science and technology has been increasingly linked with the implementation of science and technology innovation (STI) policies with important strategic significance for promoting national and regional innovation. In actual implementation, many types of STI policies are often combined for a joint effect; however, existing studies tend to focus on the effect of a single policy. The system simulation method can break through the limitations of traditional methods in model assumptions and establish a model that is as close to reality as possible. Notably, it is unusual to use the system simulation method to investigate STI policies. Using a system simulation model, this study conducts a detailed analysis to examine the complex causal relationships of STI systems and study the impact and mechanism of STI policy from a systematic perspective. This study quantifies various STI policies, establishing a simulation model to reflect the dynamic behavior of the regional STI policy system. The empirical results demonstrate that when a single type of policy is examined, the STI supply policy has the most significant impact on promoting STI and economic development. When various STI policies are combined, the combination of supply and demand policies has the greatest promotional effect on STI and economic development, whereas the combination of demand and environmental policies has the least promotional effect on STI and economic development. The results also show that the combined effect of various STI policies is not based on the simple addition of the effects of various policies, as there is an apparent synergy phenomenon in the combined STI effects. This study contributes to the existing literature and provides practical insights for policymakers and policy enthusiasts to understand the relationships between STI supply, demand, and environmental policies to advance policy effectiveness and promote sustainable development.

科技发展与科技创新政策的实施越来越紧密地联系在一起，对于促进国家和区域创新具有重要的战略意义。在实际执行过程中，多种科技创新政策往往相互组合，形成联动效应；然而，现有的研究往往侧重于单一政策的影响。系统仿真方法可以突破传统方法在模型假设方面的局限，建立尽可能接近现实的模型。值得注意的是，使用系统模拟方法来调查 STI 政策并不常见。使用系统仿真模型，本研究对科技创新系统复杂的因果关系进行了详细的分析，并从系统的角度研究了科技创新政策的影响和机制。本研究量化了各种科技创新政策，建立了一个模拟模型来反映区域科技创新政策体系的动态行为。实证结果表明，当考察单一类型的政策时，科技创新供给政策对促进科技创新和经济发展的影响最为显着。多种科技创新政策组合时，供需政策组合对科技创新和经济发展的促进作用最大，需求和环境政策组合对科技创新和经济发展的促进作用最小。研究结果还表明，各项科技创新政策的综合效应并非基于各项政策效应的简单相加，科技创新综合效应存在明显的协同现象。本研究对现有文献做出了贡献，并为政策制定者和政策爱好者提供了实用的见解，以了解 STI 供应、需求和环境政策之间的关系，从而提高政策有效性并促进可持续发展。