The microbiota-gut-brain axis is a bidirectional pathway that acts in different neurodegenerative diseases, such as sporadic Parkinson's disease. However, most studies have evaluated only the gut bacterial ecology of Parkinson's disease patients. Here, the aim was to explore gut microbiota's role in Parkinson's disease. The findings suggest that molds and yeasts, or their secondary metabolites, could not only protect but also induce the leading clinical Parkinson's disease symptoms. Nevertheless, there is still no cause-effect about the gut mycobiota and sporadic Parkinson's disease onset and progression. Throughout this review, fungi are highlighted as a possible key piece in Parkinson's disease etiology. Furthermore, the different experimental approaches that might be useful to investigate the mycobiota-gut-brain axis are proposed.

微生物群-肠-脑轴是一种双向通路，作用于不同的神经退行性疾病，例如散发性帕金森病。然而，大多数研究仅评估了帕金森病患者的肠道细菌生态学。在这里，目的是探索肠道微生物群在帕金森病中的作用。研究结果表明，霉菌和酵母菌或其次级代谢产物，不仅可以保护而且可以诱发主要的临床帕金森病症状。尽管如此，肠道菌群和散发性帕金森病的发病和进展仍然没有因果关系。在这篇综述中，真菌被强调为帕金森病病因学中可能的关键部分。此外，还提出了可能有助于研究菌群-肠-脑轴的不同实验方法。