Burkina Faso and Mali have been grappling with multiple security threats including jihadist challenge, military coup d’état, violent extremism, and poor governance. These complex security problems have escalated into national conflicts, state failure, internal displacements, and forced migration. This paper examined the changing patterns of the drivers and enablers of these security threats and how these forces feed into the protracted challenges of forced migration and population displacements. Using qualitative methods and documentary evidence, the paper found that poor governance, lack of state-building measures, and socio-economic exclusion of local populations contributed to the worsening crises of forced migration and population displacements in Burkina-Faso and Mali. The paper emphasised the human security perspectives hinged on good governance principles through effective leadership in Burkina-Faso and Mali particularly in the areas of industrialization, employment creation, reduction of poverty, and provision of adequate security for the people.

布基纳法索和马里一直在应对多重安全威胁，包括圣战挑战、军事政变、暴力极端主义和治理不善。这些复杂的安全问题已升级为国家冲突、国家失败、国内流离失所和强迫移民。本文探讨了这些安全威胁的驱动因素和促成因素的变化模式，以及这些力量如何应对强迫移民和人口流离失所的长期挑战。该论文利用定性方法和文献证据发现，治理不善、缺乏国家建设措施以及对当地居民的社会经济排斥，导致布基纳法索和马里被迫移民和人口流离失所的危机日益恶化。文件强调，人类安全视角取决于布基纳法索和马里有效领导的善政原则，特别是在工业化、创造就业、减少贫困和为人民提供充分安全等领域。