INTRODUCTION Predicting impairment in preterm children is challenging. Our aim is to explore the association between MRI at term-equivalent age (TEA) and neurocognitive outcomes in late childhood and to assess whether the addition of EEG improves prognostication. METHODS This prospective observational study included forty infants with gestational age 24 + 0-30 + 6. Children were monitored with multichannel EEG for 72 h after birth. Total absolute band power for the delta band on day 2 was calculated. Brain MRI was performed at TEA and scored according to the Kidokoro scoring system. At 10-12 years of age, we evaluated neurocognitive outcomes with Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 4th edition, Vineland adaptive behavior scales 2nd edition and Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function. We performed linear regression analysis to examine the association between outcomes and MRI and EEG, respectively, and multiple regression analysis to explore the combination of MRI and EEG. RESULTS Forty infants were included. There was a significant association between global brain abnormality score and composite outcomes of WISC and Vineland test, but not the BRIEF test. The adjusted R2 was 0.16 and 0.08, respectively. For EEG, adjusted R2 was 0.34 and 0.15, respectively. When combining MRI and EEG data, adjusted R2 changed to 0.36 for WISC and 0.16 for the Vineland test. CONCLUSION There was a small association between TEA MRI and neurocognitive outcomes in late childhood. Adding EEG to the model improved the explained variance. Combining EEG and MRI data did not have any additional benefit over EEG alone.

中文翻译：

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结合 MRI 和频谱脑电图评估早产儿的神经认知结果。

简介 预测早产儿的损伤具有挑战性。我们的目的是探讨足月等效年龄 (TEA) 的 MRI 与儿童晚期的神经认知结果之间的关联，并评估添加脑电图是否可以改善预后。方法 这项前瞻性观察研究包括 40 名胎龄为 24 + 0-30 + 6 岁的婴儿。儿童出生后 72 小时接受多通道脑电图监测。计算第 2 天 Delta 带的总绝对带功率。脑部 MRI 在 TEA 进行，并根据 Kidokoro 评分系统进行评分。在 10-12 岁时，我们使用韦克斯勒儿童智力量表第四版、瓦恩兰适应性行为量表第二版和执行功能行为评定量表评估神经认知结果。我们进行了线性回归分析来分别检查结果与 MRI 和 EEG 之间的关联，并进行多元回归分析来探索 MRI 和 EEG 的组合。结果 包括 40 名婴儿。全球大脑异常评分与 WISC 和 Vineland 测试的综合结果之间存在显着关联，但与 Brief 测试无关。调整后的 R2 分别为 0.16 和 0.08。对于 EEG，调整后的 R2 分别为 0.34 和 0.15。当结合 MRI 和 EEG 数据时，WISC 的调整 R2 更改为 0.36，Vineland 测试的调整 R2 更改为 0.16。结论 TEA MRI 与儿童晚期的神经认知结果之间存在微小关联。将脑电图添加到模型中可以改善解释方差。结合脑电图和 MRI 数据并没有比单独使用脑电图有任何额外的好处。