Formazans, containing the characteristic chain of atoms –NN-CRN–NH- (R ​= ​–CN or tetrazyl) are nitrogen-rich and conjugated compounds exhibiting unique properties. In this work, new cyano and tetrazylformazans and their series of nitrogen-rich energetic salts were synthesized via base-promoted gem-diazo coupling reaction. The resulting derivatives were well characterized, and their performances were further investigated. The experimental results indicated that the decomposition temperatures of 1–12 lie between 159 ​°C and 279 ​°C. All of them are much less impact sensitive (≥20 ​J) than trinitrotoluene (TNT), 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazacyclohexane (RDX) and 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX). They have relatively high positive heats of formation between 987.7 and 1457.3 ​kJ ​mol^-1, which are much higher than those of 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20), RDX and HMX. The calculated detonation pressures (p) range between 23.2 and 30.2 ​GPa and calculated detonation velocities (D) between 7480 and 8274 ​m ​s^-1. Interestingly, compound 4 shows excellent laser ignition combustion performance.

甲臜含有特征原子链 –N N-CR N–NH-（R​=​–CN 或四嗪基），是富含氮的共轭化合物，具有独特的性质。本工作通过碱促进的偕重氮偶联反应合成了新型氰基和四甲基甲臜及其系列富氮含能盐。所得衍生物得到了很好的表征，并进一步研究了它们的性能。实验结果表明，分解温度为1 ~ 12位于 159°C 至 279°C 之间。它们的冲击敏感性 (≥20 ​J) 远低于三硝基甲苯 (TNT)、1,3,5-三硝基-1,3,5-三氮杂环己烷 (RDX) 和 1,3,5,7-四硝基-1 ,3,5,7-四佐辛 (HMX)。它们具有相对较高的正生成热，介于 987.7 至 1457.3 kJ mol ^-1之间，远高于 2,4,6,8,10,12-六硝基-2,4,6,8,10， 12-六氮杂异武兹烷 (CL-20)、RDX 和 HMX。计算的爆炸压力 ( p ) 范围在 23.2 至 30.2 GPa 之间，计算的爆炸速度 ( D ) 范围在 7480 至 8274 ​m ​s ^-1之间。有趣的是，化合物4表现出优异的激光点火燃烧性能。