Recenly, near-infrared fluorescence heptamethine cyanine dyes have shown satisfactory values in bioengineering, biology, and pharmacy especially in cancer diagnosis and treatment, owing to their excellent fluorescence property and biocompatibility. In order to achieve broad application prospects, diverse structures, and chemical properties of heptamethine cyanine dyes have been designed to develop novel functional molecules and nanoparticles over the past decade. For fluorescence and photoacoustic tumor imaging properties, heptamethine cyanine dyes are equipped with good photothermal performance and reactive oxygen species production properties under near-infrared light irradiation, thus holding great promise in photodynamic and/or photothermal cancer therapies. This review offers a comprehensive scope of the structures, comparisons, and applications of heptamethine cyanine dyes-based molecules as well as nanoparticles in tumor treatment and imaging in current years. Therefore, this review may drive the development and innovation of heptamethine cyanine dyes, significantly offering opportunities for improving tumor imaging and treatment in a precise noninvasive manner.

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用于肿瘤成像和治疗的近红外荧光七次甲基花青染料分子和纳米颗粒的最新进展

近年来，近红外荧光七次甲基花青染料凭借其优异的荧光性能和生物相容性，在生物工程、生物学、药学尤其是癌症诊断和治疗方面显示出了令人满意的应用价值。为了实现广阔的应用前景，在过去的十年里，七次甲基花青染料的不同结构和化学性质被设计用于开发新型功能分子和纳米颗粒。对于荧光和光声肿瘤成像特性，七次甲基花青染料具有良好的光热性能和在近红外光照射下产生活性氧的特性，因此在光动力和/或光热癌症治疗中具有广阔的前景。本综述全面介绍了近年来七次甲基花青染料分子以及纳米颗粒在肿瘤治疗和成像中的结构、比较和应用。因此，本次综述可能会推动七次甲基花青染料的开发和创新，为以精确的无创方式改善肿瘤成像和治疗提供显着的机会。