The high-frequency electromagnetic waves of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) attenuate severely when propagated in an underground attenuating medium owing to the influence of resistivity, which remarkably decreases the resolution of reverse time migration (RTM). As an effective high-resolution imaging method, attenuation-compensated RTM (ACRTM) can effectively compensate for the energy loss caused by the attenuation related to media absorption under the influence of resistivity. Therefore, constructing an accurate resistivity-media model to compensate for the attenuation of electromagnetic wave energy is crucial for realizing the ACRTM imaging of GPR data. This study proposes a resistivity-constrained ACRTM imaging method for the imaging of GPR data by adding high-density resistivity detection along the GPR survey line and combining it with its resistivity inversion profile. The proposed method uses the inversion result of apparent resistivity data as the GPR RTM-resistivity model for imposing resistivity constraints. Moreover, the hybrid method involving image minimum entropy and RTM is used to estimate the medium velocity at the diffraction position, and combined with the distribution characteristics of the reflection in the GPR profile, a highly accurate velocity model is built to improve the imaging resolution of the ACRTM. The accuracy and effectiveness of the proposed method are verified using the ACRTM test of the GPR simulated data of a typical attenuating media model. On this basis, the GPR and apparent resistivity data were observed on a field survey line, and use the GPR resistivity-constrained ACRTM method to image the observed data. A comparison of the proposed method with the conventional ACRTM method shows that the proposed method has better imaging depth, stronger energy, and higher resolution, and the obtained results are more conducive for subsequent data analysis and interpretation.

探地雷达(GPR)的高频电磁波在地下衰减介质中传播时，受电阻率的影响衰减严重，显着降低了逆时偏移(RTM)的分辨率。作为一种有效的高分辨率成像方法，衰减补偿RTM（ACRTM）可以有效补偿在电阻率影响下与介质吸收相关的衰减所造成的能量损失。因此，构建精确的电阻率介质模型以补偿电磁波能量的衰减对于实现GPR数据的ACRTM成像至关重要。本研究提出了一种电阻率约束的ACRTM成像方法，通过沿GPR测线添加高密度电阻率检测并将其与其电阻率反演剖面相结合来对GPR数据进行成像。所提出的方法使用视电阻率数据的反演结果作为 GPR RTM 电阻率模型来施加电阻率约束。此外，利用图像最小熵和RTM的混合方法估计衍射位置的介质速度，并结合探地雷达剖面反射的分布特征，建立高精度速度模型，提高成像分辨率。 ACRTM。利用典型衰减介质模型的GPR模拟数据进行ACRTM测试，验证了所提方法的准确性和有效性。以这个为基础，在野外测线上观测探地雷达和视电阻率数据，并利用探地雷达电阻率约束ACRTM方法对观测数据进行成像。将所提方法与传统ACRTM方法进行比较表明，所提方法具有更好的成像深度、更强的能量和更高的分辨率，所得结果更有利于后续的数据分析和解释。