Oregano (Origanum onites L.) is an important medicinal and aromatic plant. The use of sector and economic value of oregano are determined by quality in world trade. This study was conducted during 2019–2021 to determine the effects of chemical and organic fertilizers on yield and quality of O. onites L. The experiment followed a randomized complete block design with six treatments and four replications, i.e., control (C: untreated plants), chemical fertilizer (F) (150:90:100 kg · ha−1), farmyard manure (FYM), chicken manure (CM), vermicompost (VC) and spent mushroom compost (SMC) (the objective was to obtain 150 kg N · ha−1 for organic fertilizer). Fresh yield increased by 3.36%–11.44% and 5.61%–13.59% with organic fertilization as compared with the control in both years while it increased by 22% and 19.0% with chemical fertilization. FYM and SMC were more effective in fresh yield among organic fertilizers. Essential oil (EO) increased by 18.8%–50.1% and 2.94%–19.85% with fertilization as compared with the control in both years. EO yield was significantly increased by fertilization, and CM was in the lead with direct effect, while VC and FYM had residual effects. The applications increased the carvacrol and thymol content of the EO compared with the control. VC was the most effective application for total flavonoid content, antioxidant activity and plant nutritional status, especially for nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and calcium concentrations. The results showed that chemical and organic fertilizers positively affected the yield, EO content and nutritional status of O. onites.

中文翻译：

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有机和常规施肥对牛至（Origanum onites L.）产量和品质因素的影响

牛至（牛至L.) 是一种重要的药用和芳香植物。牛至的用途和经济价值取决于世界贸易中的质量。本研究于 2019-2021 年进行，旨在确定化肥和有机肥对农作物产量和品质的影响。O. onitesL.试验采用随机完全区组设计，六处理四重复，即对照（C：未处理植物）、化肥（F）（150:90:100 kg·ha）−1）、农家肥（FYM）、鸡粪（CM）、蚯蚓粪（VC）和废蘑菇堆肥（SMC）（目标是获得150公斤N·ha−1用于有机肥）。施有机肥比对照两年鲜果产量分别提高3.36%~11.44%和5.61%~13.59%，施化肥比对照提高22%和19.0%。有机肥中FYM和SMC对保鲜产量的效果较好。施肥处理使精油（EO）比对照增加了18.8%~50.1%和2.94%~19.85%。施肥使EO产量显着增加，其中CM起直接作用，VC和FYM起后效作用。与对照相比，这些应用增加了 EO 中香芹酚和百里香酚的含量。VC对于总黄酮含量、抗氧化活性和植物营养状况，尤其是氮、磷、钾和钙浓度而言是最有效的应用。O. onites。