Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is a malignancy that leads to altered blast cell proliferation, survival, and maturation and eventually to the lethal accumulation of leukemic cells. Recently, dysregulated expression of various micro-RNAs (miRNAs) has been reported in hematologic malignancies, especially ALL. Cytomegalovirus infection can induce ALL in otherwise healthy individuals, so a more detailed evaluation of its role in ALL-endemic areas like Iran is required. In this cross-sectional study, 70 newly diagnosed adults with ALL were recruited. The expression level of microRNA-155(miR-155) and microRNA-92(miR-92) was evaluated by real-time SYBR Green PCR. The correlations between the miRNAs mentioned above and the severity of disease, CMV infection, and acute graft vs. host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) were assessed. B cell and T cell ALL distinction in the level of miRNAs was provided. After the statistical analysis, our results indicated a marked increase in the expression of miR-155 and miR-92 in ALL patients vs. healthy controls (*P = 0.002–*P = 0.03, respectively). Also, it was shown that the expression of miR-155 and miR-92 was higher in T cell ALL compared to B cell ALL (P = 0.01–P = 0.004, respectively), CMV seropositivity, and aGVHD. Our study suggests that the plasma signature of microRNA expression may act as a powerful marker for diagnosis and prognosis, providing knowledge outside cytogenetics. Elevation of miR-155 in plasma can be a beneficial therapeutic target for ALL patients, with consideration of higher plasma levels of miR-92 and miR-155 in CMV + and post-HSCT aGVHD patients.

中文翻译：

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ALL、移植后 aGVHD 和 CMV 中的 miR-155 和 miR-92 水平：可能的新治疗选择

急性淋巴细胞白血病 (ALL) 是一种恶性肿瘤，会导致母细胞增殖、存活和成熟发生改变，并最终导致白血病细胞致命的积累。最近，据报道，在血液系统恶性肿瘤，特别是 ALL 中，各种微小 RNA (miRNA) 的表达失调。巨细胞病毒感染可在健康个体中诱发 ALL，因此需要对其在伊朗等 ALL 流行地区的作用进行更详细的评估。在这项横断面研究中，招募了 70 名新诊断患有 ALL 的成年人。通过实时SYBR Green PCR评估microRNA-155（miR-155）和microRNA-92（miR-92）的表达水平。上述 miRNA 与疾病严重程度、CMV 感染、急性移植物抗病毒之间的相关性。评估造血干细胞移植（HSCT）后的宿主疾病。提供了 B 细胞和 T 细胞 ALL 在 miRNA 水平上的区别。经过统计分析，我们的结果表明，与健康对照相比，ALL 患者中 miR-155 和 miR-92 的表达显着增加（分别为*P = 0.002–*P = 0.03）。此外，结果显示，与 B 细胞 ALL 相比，T 细胞 ALL 中 miR-155 和 miR-92 的表达较高（分别为 P = 0.01–P = 0.004）、CMV 血清阳性和 aGVHD。我们的研究表明，microRNA 表达的血浆特征可能作为诊断和预后的强大标志物，提供细胞遗传学之外的知识。血浆中 miR-155 的升高可能成为 ALL 患者的有益治疗靶点，