The grafting of biopolymer gum ghatti (GG) over the PNIPAM and PAA was done and loaded with graphene oxide (GO). Aim of this work is carried out combine adsorption of sodium diclofenac (SD) and metformin (MF) by the prepared hydrogels under influence of various parameters. The adsorbent GG-g-P(NIPAM-co-PAA)/GO(3 mg) chosen for adsorption activity as it displayed highest swelling capacity. The effect of amount of both adsorbents GG-g-P(NIPAM-co-PAA and GG-g-P(NIPAM-co-PAA)/GO(3 mg) showed that highest adsorption capacity found at 40 mg of adsorbents for both drugs at conditions: 100 mg/L concentration, 30 °C, 24 h and pH 6 and subsequently became stable. Both the drugs were removed in greater amount at 25 mg/L concentration, 24 h of contact time, 30 °C, 40 mg amount of both adsorbents and pH 6. Effect of time revealed that as time elevated from 2 h to 12 (100 mg/L concentration,, 30 °C, 40 mg amount of both adsorbents and pH 6) led to increase adsorption efficiency and after that increase time did not much impact on adsorption activity. Adsorption activity of hydrogels declined with increase of temperature (100 mg/L concentration, 12 h, 40 mg amount of both adsorbents and pH 6). The acidic conditions favored adsorption of SD while MF adsorbed under the weak acidic(100 mg/L concentration, 30 °C, 12 h, 40 mg amount of both adsorbents). However, basic conditions did not much influence on adsorption of MF but effected on adsorption activity of SD. Adsorption isotherm and kinetic model suggested that adsorption is homogenous and chemical in nature. The maximum adsorption capacity (q_m) found to be 289.01 and 154.55 mg/g for SD and MF respectively.

Graphical abstract

中文翻译：

---

GG-gP(NIPAM-co-AA)/GO的合成及对双氯芬酸和二甲双胍的吸附活性评价

将生物聚合物加替胶 (GG) 接枝到 PNIPAM 和 PAA 上，并负载氧化石墨烯 (GO)。这项工作的目的是在各种参数的影响下，通过所制备的水凝胶对双氯芬酸钠（SD）和二甲双胍（MF）进行联合吸附。吸附剂 GG- g- P(NIPAM- co -PAA)/GO(3 mg) 选择用于吸附活性，因为它显示出最高的溶胀能力。两种吸附剂 GG- g- P(NIPAM- co -PAA 和 GG- g- P(NIPAM- co -PAA)/GO(3 mg)用量的影响表明，两种吸附剂在 40 mg 时吸附容量最高在浓度为 100 mg/L、30 °C、24 h、pH 6 的条件下，两种药物均稳定。在浓度为 25 mg/L、接触时间为 24 h、30 °C、40 时，两种药物的去除量较大。两种吸附剂的毫克量和 pH 6。时间的影响表明，随着时间从 2 小时增加到 12 小时（浓度为 100 毫克/升，30°C，两种吸附剂的量为 40 毫克，pH 6），吸附效率和 pH 值均增加。之后增加时间对吸附活性影响不大，水凝胶的吸附活性随着温度的升高而下降（浓度100 mg/L，12 h，两种吸附剂用量40 mg，pH 6）。酸性条件有利于SD的吸附，而MF在弱酸性条件下（100mg/L浓度，30℃，12h，两种吸附剂用量40mg）吸附，碱性条件对MF的吸附影响不大，但对SD的吸附活性有影响。吸附等温线和动力学模型表明吸附本质上是均匀的和化学的。SD 和 MF 的最大吸附容量 (q _m ) 分别为 289.01 和 154.55 mg/g。

图形概要