Abstract—Based on the long-term observations of the wells on the Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky Test Site, the Kamchatka Peninsula, the paper analyzes manifestations of three main types of seismohydrogeological effects—hydrogeological precursors, coseismic pressure jumps and postseismic effects of the vibrational impact of seismic waves in measurements of the pressure and chemical composition of groundwater, depending on the earthquake parameters (magnitude, epicentre distance, intensity of seismic impact in the observation areas). The paper presents data on the earthquakes that were preceded by hydrogeological precursors in several (n = 2–4) wells. It is discussed whether it is possible to use hydrogeological precursors to predict strong earthquakes in Kamchatka. The authors also discuss the results of their experimental use in a real-time environment with weekly reports on the current observational data for the Kamchatka Branch of the Russian Expert Council. By the example of water level observations in YUZ-5 Well, the authors analyzed coseismic jumps in the groundwater pressure due to rupture formation in the sources of local M_w > 6.0 earthquakes and four types of effects of the vibrational impact of seismic waves during local and distant M_w = 6.8–9.3 earthquakes at epicentral distances from 80 to 14600 km; the study demonstrates that such effects depend on the earthquake parameters and the intensity of seismic impact in the well area.

摘 要：通过对堪察加半岛彼得罗巴甫洛夫斯克-堪察加试验场油井的长期观测，分析了三种主要地震水文地质效应的表现形式——水文地质前兆、同震压力跃变和振动冲击的震后效应。地震波测量地下水的压力和化学成分，取决于地震参数（震级、震中距离、观测区地震影响的强度）。本文介绍了几个 ( n= 2–4) 孔。讨论了是否可以使用水文地质前兆来预测堪察加半岛的强地震。作者还讨论了他们在实时环境中的实验使用结果，每周报告俄罗斯专家委员会堪察加分部的当前观测数据。以豫州5井水位观测为例，分析了局部Mw _> 6.0地震震源破裂形成的地下水压力同震跃变及局部地震波振动冲击的四种效应。和遥远的M _w= 6.8–9.3 次地震，震中距离为 80 至 14600 公里；研究表明，这种影响取决于地震参数和井区地震影响的强度。