Background: The glycemia risk index (GRI) is a new composite metric derived from continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data to assess the quality of glycemia. This study investigates the association between the GRI and albuminuria. Methods: Professional CGM and urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR) data from 866 individuals with type 2 diabetes were retrospectively reviewed. Albuminuria and macroalbuminuria were defined as one or more UACR measurements ≥30 and ≥300 mg/g, respectively. Results: The overall prevalence of albuminuria and macroalbuminuria was 36.6% and 13.9%, respectively. Participants with a higher UACR had a significantly higher hyperglycemia component and GRI score than those with a lower UACR (all P < 0.001), although the hypoglycemia component did not differ among the groups. Multiple logistic regression analyses that adjusted for various factors affecting albuminuria revealed that the odds ratio (OR) of albuminuria was 1.13 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.02-1.27, P = 0.039) per increase in the GRI zone. The results were similar for the risk of macroalbuminuria (OR: 1.42 [95% CI: 1.20-1.69], P < 0.001), and that association remained after adjusting for glycated hemoglobin (OR: 1.31 [95% CI: 1.10-1.58], P = 0.004). Conclusions: GRI is strongly associated with albuminuria, especially macroalbuminuria, in type 2 diabetes.

中文翻译：

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连续血糖监测衍生的血糖风险指数与 2 型糖尿病白蛋白尿之间的关联。

背景：血糖风险指数（GRI）是一种新的综合指标，源自连续血糖监测（CGM）数据，用于评估血糖质量。本研究调查了 GRI 与蛋白尿之间的关联。方法：回顾性分析了 866 名 2 型糖尿病患者的专业 CGM 和尿白蛋白肌酐比值 (UACR) 数据。白蛋白尿和大量白蛋白尿定义为一项或多项 UACR 测量值分别≥30 和≥300 mg/g。结果：白蛋白尿和大量白蛋白尿的总体患病率分别为 36.6% 和 13.9%。UACR 较高的参与者的高血糖成分和 GRI 评分显着高于 UACR 较低的参与者（均 P < 0.001），但低血糖成分在各组之间没有差异。针对影响白蛋白尿的各种因素进行调整后的多重逻辑回归分析显示，GRI 区每次增加，白蛋白尿的比值比 (OR) 为 1.13（95% 置信区间 [CI]：1.02-1.27，P = 0.039）。大白蛋白尿风险的结果相似（OR：1.42 [95% CI：1.20-1.69]，P < 0.001），并且在调整糖化血红蛋白后，这种关联仍然存在（OR：1.31 [95% CI：1.10-1.58] ，P = 0.004）。结论：GRI 与 2 型糖尿病患者的白蛋白尿，尤其是大量白蛋白尿密切相关。