ABSTRACT

Music is increasingly used in a wide array of settings, from clinical recovery to sports or well-being interventions. Motivation related to music is often considered as a possible working mechanism for music to facilitate these processes, however this has not previously been systematically evaluated. The current systematic review considered studies that involved music (therapy) interventions, together with motivation-related measures such as wanting to practise, liking the musical activities, or patient adherence to an intervention. Our objective was to examine whether music is related to increased motivation in task performance and/or rehabilitation settings, and whether this is in turn related to better clinical or training outcomes. Seventy-nine studies met the inclusion criteria, the majority of which (85%) indicated an increased level of motivation with music as compared to without. Moreover, in those studies where motivation was increased, clinical or other outcomes were improved in most cases (90%). These results support the notion of motivation as an underlying mechanism of music-based interventions, but more robust evidence is needed to ascertain which mechanisms are crucial in increasing motivation from a behavioural, cognitive, and neurobiological point of view, as well as how motivational mechanisms relate to other factors of effectiveness in music-based paradigms.

摘要

音乐越来越多地应用于各种场合，从临床康复到运动或健康干预。与音乐相关的动机通常被认为是音乐促进这些过程的可能工作机制，但此前尚未对此进行系统评估。当前的系统评价考虑了涉及音乐（治疗）干预的研究，以及与动机相关的措施，例如想要练习、喜欢音乐活动或患者对干预的依从性。我们的目标是检查音乐是否与提高任务表现和/或康复环境的动力有关，以及这是否反过来与更好的临床或训练结果相关。七十九项研究符合纳入标准，其中大多数（85%）表明，与不听音乐相比，听音乐的动机有所提高。此外，在那些动机增加的研究中，大多数情况下（90%）临床或其他结果都得到改善。这些结果支持动机作为基于音乐的干预的基本机制的概念，但需要更强有力的证据来确定哪些机制对于从行为、认知和神经生物学的角度增加动机至关重要，以及动机机制如何发挥作用与基于音乐的范式中的其他有效性因素相关。