Energy is one of the basic inputs and driving forces for economic and social development modernization. Sustainable energy supply is one of the major challenges in the modern world. Sustainable energy supply can be obtained through alternative energy sources, and efficient energy use is a high priority to optimize the environmental impact. This paper investigates the potential for energy savings involving five end-load equipment in academic institutions. The saving potential is obtained through energy efficiency analysis and feasibility analysis of the solar power generation systems. An energy audit is conducted on end-use consuming equipment (i.e., fans, lights, air conditioning, ICT equipment, etc.) in these five end-load sectors to find out the major energy-consuming equipment, energy consumption, and potential energy savings. The analysis of energy consumption per equipment helps determine the appropriate type of equipment to be upgraded and replaced for energy saving. The feasibility of rooftop solar power generation has been also analysed to integrate into the energy end load. The research findings confirm that laboratory equipment, lighting, and air conditioning are vital to energy consumption in academic buildings. The energy savings, bill savings, and carbon emissions reductions have been estimated based on integrating rooftop solar power generation. The feasibility analysis of onsite energy generation using a hybrid solar system found that the total energy-saving potential and bill savings within five years are 311,131 kWh and RM 113,563, respectively. This value refers to comprehensive energy-saving and bill for all academic buildings involved in this research.

中文翻译：

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马来西亚某教育机构利用混合系统太阳能发电的能源效率及可行性分析

能源是经济社会发展现代化的基本投入和动力之一。可持续能源供应是现代世界的主要挑战之一。可持续的能源供应可以通过替代能源获得，而有效的能源利用是优化环境影响的重中之重。本文研究了学术机构中五种终端负载设备的节能潜力。通过太阳能发电系统的能效分析和可行性分析得出节约潜力。对这五个终端负荷行业的终端用能设备（即风扇、灯光、空调、ICT设备等）进行能源审计，找出主要用能设备、能源消耗量和潜在能源节省。对每台设备的能耗分析有助于确定需要升级和更换的适当类型的设备以实现节能。还分析了屋顶太阳能发电纳入能源终端负荷的可行性。研究结果证实，实验室设备、照明和空调对于学术建筑的能源消耗至关重要。节能、电费节省和碳排放量减少是基于整合屋顶太阳能发电进行估算的。使用混合太阳能系统进行现场发电的可行性分析发现，五年内的总节能潜力和节省费用分别为 311,131 kWh 和 RM 113,563。该数值是指本次研究涉及的所有学术建筑的综合节能与账单。