Turkey’s Justice and Development Party (AKP) is one of the longest ruling among contemporary populist radical right parties (PRR). For nearly two decades, the AKP has shown tremendous success in achieving electoral dominance and political control. This article argues that AKP’s success lies in its ability to reconfigure the issue salience in Turkish politics by bringing the secular-conservative cleavage into the center of political competition. However, as this article shows, while the government’s framing of conservative/religious values was initially populist, as the Party consolidated its power, populism became secondary to nativism. This nativist turn is characterized by an emphasis on the foreignness of “the elites” and is shaped by secularization of the public sphere and antiwesternism. Overall, AKP has not presented a fundamental opposition to the “establishment” but brought together many components of Turkey’s institutional and cultural structure and radicalized patterns already present in earlier eras.

中文翻译：

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欧洲以外的民粹主义激进分子

土耳其正义与发展党（AKP）是当代民粹主义极右翼政党（PRR）中执政时间最长的政党之一。近二十年来，正义与发展党在实现选举主导地位和政治控制方面取得了巨大成功。本文认为，正义与发展党的成功在于它能够通过将世俗与保守派的分歧置于政治竞争的中心来重新配置土耳其政治中的问题突出性。然而，正如本文所示，虽然政府的保守/宗教价值观框架最初是民粹主义的，但随着党巩固其权力，民粹主义变得次要于本土主义。这种本土主义转向的特点是强调“精英”的外来性，并受到公共领域的世俗化和反西方主义的影响。全面的，