The formation conditions of maximum- and minimum-wave jumps were experimentally investigated. A total of 110 wave-type jump experiments were carried out for several discharges, supercritical upstream and subcritical downstream water depths and drop heights. The experimental results revealed that the influential parameters on wave-type jumps are the upstream Froude number and the relative drop height. As the classical hydraulic jump equation is not sufficient to define conjugate depths of wave-type flow, empirical equations were developed for defining the conjugate depths of maximum-wave jumps and minimum-wave jumps (for which insufficient experimental data are available in the literature). The agreement between calculated and measured conjugate depths was good. It was also found that the value of the lower limit for the upstream Froude number is not constant for the formation of a maximum-wave jump – it depends on the relative drop height. Furthermore, the experimental results showed that the energy-dissipation ratios of maximum- and minimum-wave jumps are equal to or larger than those of classical hydraulic jumps. For this reason, wave-type jumps may be preferred at stilling basins with drops along with A-jumps.

中文翻译：

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带落差消力池波型流的形成条件

对最大波跳和最小波跳的形成条件进行了实验研究。针对多个流量、上游超临界和下游亚临界水深和落差共进行了110次波型跳跃实验。实验结果表明，影响波型跳跃的参数是上游弗劳德数和相对落差高度。由于经典的水跃方程不足以定义波型流的共轭深度，因此建立了经验方程来定义最大波跳和最小波跳的共轭深度（文献中实验数据不足） 。计算的共轭深度和测量的共轭深度之间的一致性很好。研究还发现，上游弗劳德数的下限值对于最大波跃的形成来说并不是恒定的——它取决于相对落差高度。此外，实验结果表明，最大波跳跃和最小波跳跃的耗能比等于或大于经典水跳跃的能量耗散比。因此，在带有 A 型跳跃的落差消力池中，波浪型跳跃可能是首选。