Destruction of the tumor (cancerous) cells may be caused by live viruses, which have replicative ability and replicate selectively in tumor cells, known as oncolytic virotherapy. In comparison of conservative cancer therapy, tumor-selective replicating viruses have more advantages. These viruses have introduced new methodologies for the human cancer treatment. Numerous strategies are used in development of virotherapeutics. Virotherapy is not unusual concept, but modern advances in technology of genetic modification of oncolytic viruses have improved the ability of targeting tumor cells more specifically, it triggered the development of novel ammunition to fight cancer. An effective virotherapeutic approach with oncolytic viruses exhibits the feasibility and safety under clinical approach. New strategies are being explored to overcome basic obstacles and challenges in virotherapy. Administration of oncolytic viruses, logically, will successfully augment new treatments against many kinds of tumors. Some encouraging antitumor responses shown by combination therapy are provoking strong immunity against established cancer. Chief developments in oncolytic virotherapy have seen in past several years. Significant understandings have been provided by findings on the interface among immune comebacks and viruses, whereas potential results have shown in clinical trials.

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溶瘤病毒疗法：一种治疗癌症的先进微生物方法

肿瘤（癌）细胞的破坏可能是由活病毒引起的，活病毒具有复制能力并在肿瘤细胞中选择性复制，称为溶瘤病毒疗法。与保守的癌症治疗相比，肿瘤选择性复制病毒更具优势。这些病毒为人类癌症治疗引入了新方法。在病毒治疗的开发中使用了多种策略。病毒疗法并不是什么不寻常的概念，但现代溶瘤病毒基因改造技术的进步提高了更特异性地靶向肿瘤细胞的能力，引发了抗癌新型弹药的开发。一种有效的溶瘤病毒病毒治疗方法在临床方法中表现出可行性和安全性。正在探索新的策略来克服病毒疗法的基本障碍和挑战。从逻辑上讲，使用溶瘤病毒将成功增强针对多种肿瘤的新疗法。联合疗法显示的一些令人鼓舞的抗肿瘤反应正在激发针对已确定癌症的强大免疫力。溶瘤病毒疗法的主要发展发生在过去几年。关于免疫卷土重来和病毒之间的相互作用的发现提供了重要的理解，而临床试验中也显示了潜在的结果。