The study of marrow-resident mesodermal progenitors can provide important insight into their role in influencing normal and aberrant hematopoiesis as occurs in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML) and myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS). In addition, the chemokine competency of these cells provides links to the inflammatory milieu of the marrow microenvironment with additional implications for normal and malignant hematopoiesis. While in vivo studies have elucidated the structure and function of the marrow niche in murine genetic models, corollary human studies have not been feasible, and thus the use of culture-adapted mesodermal cells has provided insights into the role these rare endogenous niche cells play in physiologic, malignant, and inflammatory states. This review focuses on culture-adapted human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) as they have been utilized in understanding their influence in AML and MDS as well as on their chemokine-mediated responses to myeloid malignancies, injury, and inflammation. Such studies have intrinsic limitations but have provided mechanistic insights and clues regarding novel druggable targets.

中文翻译：

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骨髓中胚层/间充质祖细胞对急性髓性白血病和骨髓增生异常综合征影响的体外见解。

对骨髓中中胚层祖细胞的研究可以提供重要的见解，了解它们在影响急性髓性白血病（AML）和骨髓增生异常综合征（MDS）中正常和异常造血作用中的作用。此外，这些细胞的趋化因子能力提供了与骨髓微环境的炎症环境的联系，对正常和恶性造血具有额外的影响。虽然体内研究已经阐明了小鼠遗传模型中骨髓生态位的结构和功能，但人类的推论尚不可行，因此使用培养适应的中胚层细胞可以深入了解这些罕见的内源性生态位细胞在生理、恶性和炎症状态。本综述重点关注培养适应的人间充质干细胞/基质细胞 (MSC)，因为它们已被用来了解它们对 AML 和 MDS 的影响，以及它们对骨髓恶性肿瘤、损伤和炎症的趋化因子介导的反应。此类研究具有内在的局限性，但提供了有关新型药物靶标的机制见解和线索。