The fight against pathogenic microorganisms has in recent decades been met with fierce setbacks owing to the antimicrobial resistance phenomenon. Conventional antimicrobials have thus weakened in their effectiveness against microbes, calling for the development of innovative strategies to combat the emerging global health crisis. A promising therapy for filling this gap is photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy which destroys microorganisms by making use of the combined action of a photosensitizer, light, and oxygen. The modality inactivates a wide range of pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and viruses. Of greater interest in photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy is the ability to destroy resistant strains of microbes without encouraging selection for resistance genes, thus immensely contributing to the fight against antimicrobial resistance. Different PSs vary in their microbial inactivation efficacies. Therefore, various structural modification approaches are being adopted to improve their respective activities. In this paper, recent studies focusing on strategies employed to improve the effectiveness and efficacies of PSs used in photodynamic antimicrobial chemotherapy are reviewed.

近几十年来，由于抗菌素耐药性现象，与病原微生物的斗争遭遇了严重挫折。因此，传统抗菌药物对微生物的有效性减弱，需要制定创新战略来应对新出现的全球健康危机。填补这一空白的一种有前途的疗法是光动力抗菌化疗，它通过利用光敏剂、光和氧气的联合作用来消灭微生物。该方法可灭活多种病原体，包括细菌、真菌、原生动物和病毒。光动力抗菌化疗更令人感兴趣的是其能够消灭耐药菌株而不鼓励选择耐药基因，从而为对抗抗菌素耐药性做出巨大贡献。不同的 PS 其微生物灭活功效各不相同。因此，正在采用各种结构修改方法来改善各自的活性。本文综述了最近的研究重点是提高光动力抗菌化疗中 PS 的有效性和功效的策略。