OBJECTIVE Our goal in the present study was to use longitudinal data to assess how normative (i.e., consensually motivated) and instrumental (i.e., coercively motivated) obligation to obey police changed after police murdered George Floyd and whether these changes differed by political ideology. HYPOTHESES Using procedural justice theory, we hypothesized that after Floyd's murder, participants would feel less normatively obligated and more instrumentally obligated to obey police. We also hypothesized that these trends would be stronger for liberal-leaning than conservative-leaning participants. METHOD Adults (N = 645) were recruited through Prolific from four politically diverse U.S. states. Participants reported their normative and instrumental obligation across three waves of data collection, each separated by 3 weeks. The first two waves were collected prior to the Floyd's murder, and the third was collected after. RESULTS Hierarchical linear models indicated that although normative obligation remained stable before Floyd's murder, it declined after Floyd's murder (b = -0.19, 95% CI [-0.24, -0.14], p < .001). In contrast, coercive obligation to obey increased consistently across all three waves. Liberal-leaning participants drove most of the effects. CONCLUSIONS For researchers, these findings help strengthen our understanding of procedural justice theory by differentiating normative and instrumental obligation and by distinguishing differences by political ideology within the context of a historic police-brutality event. For policymakers and law enforcement, our research suggests that police brutality may undermine the public's normative felt obligation to obey the police, which would be problematic for police reformation efforts grounded in governing by mutual consent versus by fear and coercion. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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乔治·弗洛伊德的谋杀是否让公众感受到了服从警察的义务？

目的 我们在本研究中的目标是使用纵向数据来评估警察谋杀乔治·弗洛伊德后服从警察的规范性（即自愿动机）和工具性（即强制动机）义务如何变化，以及这些变化是否因政治意识形态而异。假设利用程序正义理论，我们假设在弗洛伊德被谋杀后，参与者会感到更少的规范义务和更多的工具义务服从警察。我们还假设，这些趋势对于自由派倾向的参与者来说会比保守派倾向的参与者更强烈。方法 通过 Prolific 从美国四个政治不同的州招募成年人（N = 645）。参与者在三轮数据收集中报告了他们的规范和工具义务，每轮数据收集间隔三周。前两波是在弗洛伊德被谋杀之前收集的，第三波是在弗洛伊德被谋杀之后收集的。结果 分层线性模型表明，尽管规范义务在弗洛伊德被谋杀之前保持稳定，但在弗洛伊德被谋杀之后有所下降（b = -0.19，95% CI [-0.24，-0.14]，p < .001）。相比之下，在这三个浪潮中，强制性服从义务持续增加。自由派倾向的参与者推动了大部分影响。结论 对于研究人员来说，这些发现通过区分规范性义务和工具性义务以及在历史性警察暴行事件的背景下区分政治意识形态的差异，有助于加强我们对程序正义理论的理解。对于政策制定者和执法部门来说，我们的研究表明，警察的暴行可能会破坏公众服从警察的规范性义务，这对于基于相互同意而不是恐惧和胁迫的警察改革努力来说是有问题的。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2023 APA，保留所有权利）。