Manganese (Mn) has been widely applied in drug resistant bacteria. Although it has advantages such as generating reactive oxygen species (ROS), holding multivalent phases, inducing photothermal effect and biocompatibility, it also brings the disadvantages of increased motility and decreased bacterial adhesion while exerting its advantages. Here, we propose an active antibacterial way by the jellyfish-like anisotropic nanocomposites (JAN), which measures both the advantages and disadvantages of MnO₂ nanoparticles (MnNP) together. In this jellyfish-like construct, the spheric gold nanoparticles (AuNP) were covered by MnO₂ nanosheets (MnNS), only leaving a bunch of glycopolymers (pMAG) stretching out from a small surface area of AuNP. In JAN, AuNP serves as the main body, possessing a photothermal property; glycopolymers play as the tentacles, binding specifically with Escherichia coli (E. coli); MnNS acts as the shell of jellyfish, initiating by the photo treatment to kill bacteria. The structure and surface properties of JAN were characterized by water contact angle (WCA), scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), ultraviolet and visible spectrophotometry (UV-Vis), transmission electron microscope (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and ellipsometry. The specific antibacterial effect of JAN was evaluated on the growth of both Gram-negative E. coli and Gram-positive Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). The results showed that JAN could bind efficiently with E. coli and kill almost all bacteria under near infrared (NIR irradiation, 808$$nm) irradiation for as short as 7 min. This antibacterial effect of JAN can be attributed to their excellent photothermal and photodynamic properties in increasing the temperature to higher than 53${}^{\circ }$C and ROS more than 0.45 mmol/L, indicating that the JAN achieved specific and efficient bactericidal effect due to their unique nanostructure and surface properties. In this study, we report for the first time on the synthesis strategy of jellyfish-like anisotropic nanoparticles and their specific bactericidal effect. Our work provides new possibilities for the application of anisotropic nanoparticles to inhibit bacterial growth.

锰（Mn）已广泛应用于耐药细菌。虽然它具有产生活性氧（ROS）、保持多价相、诱导光热效应和生物相容性等优点，但在发挥其优点的同时也带来了运动性增加和细菌粘附性降低的缺点。_{在这里，我们提出了一种通过水母状各向异性纳米复合材料（JAN）的主动抗菌方式，它同时衡量了MnO 2}纳米粒子（MnNP）的优点和缺点。_{在这种水母状结构中，球形金纳米颗粒 (AuNP) 被 MnO 2}覆盖纳米片（MnNS），只留下一堆从 AuNP 的小表面积延伸出来的糖聚合物（pMAG）。JAN中以AuNP为主体，具有光热性质；糖聚合物充当触手，与大肠杆菌（E. coli）特异性结合；MnNS 充当水母的外壳，通过光处理启动杀死细菌。采用水接触角(WCA)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外可见分光光度法(UV-Vis)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等手段对JAN的结构和表面性能进行表征。动态光散射（DLS）和椭圆光度术。JAN 对革兰氏阴性大肠杆菌生长的特异性抗菌作用进行了评估和革兰氏阳性金黄色葡萄球菌（S. aureus）。结果表明，JAN 可以与大肠杆菌有效结合，并在近红外（NIR 照射，808$$nm）照射时间短至7分钟。JAN 的这种抗菌作用可归因于其优异的光热和光动力特性，可将温度提高到 53 以上${}^{\circ }$C和ROS超过0.45 mmol/L，表明JAN由于其独特的纳米结构和表面特性而实现了特异高效的杀菌效果。在这项研究中，我们首次报道了类水母各向异性纳米粒子的合成策略及其特定的杀菌效果。我们的工作为各向异性纳米颗粒抑制细菌生长的应用提供了新的可能性。