Coral reefs are both exceptionally biodiverse and threatened by climate change and other human activities. Here, we review population genomic processes in coral reef taxa and their importance for understanding responses to global change. Many taxa on coral reefs are characterized by weak genetic drift, extensive gene flow, and strong selection from complex biotic and abiotic environments, which together present a fascinating test of microevolutionary theory. Selection, gene flow, and hybridization have played and will continue to play an important role in the adaptation or extinction of coral reef taxa in the face of rapid environmental change, but research remains exceptionally limited compared to the urgent needs. Critical areas for future investigation include understanding evolutionary potential and the mechanisms of local adaptation, developing historical baselines, and building greater research capacity in the countries where most reef diversity is concentrated.

中文翻译：

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全球变化时代的珊瑚礁种群基因组学

珊瑚礁具有异常丰富的生物多样性，并受到气候变化和其他人类活动的威胁。在这里，我们回顾了珊瑚礁类群的种群基因组过程及其对于理解全球变化响应的重要性。珊瑚礁上的许多类群的特点是弱遗传漂变、广泛的基因流以及复杂的生物和非生物环境的强烈选择，这些共同构成了对微进化理论的令人着迷的考验。面对快速的环境变化，选择、基因流动和杂交已经并将继续在珊瑚礁类群的适应或灭绝中发挥重要作用，但与迫切的需求相比，研究仍然非常有限。未来调查的关键领域包括了解进化潜力和当地适应机制、制定历史基线以及在大多数珊瑚礁多样性集中的国家建立更大的研究能力。