Hydrogen is a promising future energy carrier due to its potential for production from renewable resources. It can be used in existing compression ignition diesel engines in a dual-fuel mode with little modification. Hydrogen's unique physiochemical properties, such as higher calorific value, flame speed, and diffusivity in air, can effectively improve the performance and combustion characteristics of diesel engines. As a carbon-free fuel, hydrogen can also mitigate harmful emissions from diesel engines, including carbon monoxide, unburned hydrocarbons, particulate matter, soot, and smoke. However, hydrogen-fueled diesel engines suffer from knocking combustion and higher nitrogen oxide emissions. This paper comprehensively reviews the effects of hydrogen or hydrogen-containing gaseous fuels (i.e., syngas and hydroxy gas) on the behavior of dual-fuel diesel engines. The opportunities and limitations of using hydrogen in diesel engines are discussed thoroughly. It is not possible for hydrogen to improve all the performance indicators and exhaust emissions of diesel engines simultaneously. However, reformulating pilot fuel by additives, blending hydrogen with other gaseous fuels, adjusting engine parameters, optimizing operating conditions, modifying engine structure, using hydroxy gas, and employing exhaust gas catalysts could pave the way for realizing safe, efficient, and economical hydrogen-fueled diesel engines. Future work should focus on preventing knocking combustion and nitrogen oxide emissions in hydrogen-fueled diesel engines by adjusting the hydrogen inclusion rate in real time.

由于氢具有利用可再生资源生产的潜力，因此它是一种很有前途的未来能源载体。它可以在现有的压燃式柴油发动机中以双燃料模式使用，只需进行很少的修改。氢气独特的理化性质，如较高的热值、火焰速度和在空气中的扩散性，可以有效改善柴油机的性能和燃烧特性。作为一种无碳燃料，氢气还可以减少柴油发动机的有害排放，包括一氧化碳、未燃烧的碳氢化合物、颗粒物、烟灰和烟雾。然而，氢燃料柴油发动机存在爆震燃烧和较高的氮氧化物排放问题排放。本文全面综述了氢气或含氢气体燃料（即合成气）的影响和羟基气体）对双燃料柴油发动机性能的影响。深入讨论了在柴油发动机中使用氢气的机会和局限性。氢气不可能同时改善柴油机的所有性能指标和废气排放。然而，通过添加剂重新配制引燃燃料、将氢气与其他气体燃料混合、调整发动机参数、优化工况、修改发动机结构、使用羟基气体、采用废气催化剂等，可以为实现安全、高效、经济的氢气铺平道路。以柴油为燃料的发动机。未来的工作重点应是通过实时调整氢夹杂率来防止氢燃料柴油机爆震燃烧和氮氧化物排放。