ABSTRACT

Tef is a small-seeded staple crop endemic to Ethiopia. However, its yield is low, constrained partly due to improper agronomic practices and lodging. Thus, during the 2019–2020 cropping season, a field experiment was carried out at Reef Tokko Taanne Hamilee in Hababo Guduru district, Western Ethiopia to examine the effects of seed rate and inter-row spacing on growth, phenology, yield, and lodging severity of tef crop. Three levels of seed rates (10, 15, and 20 kg ha⁻¹) and three styles of row spacing (10, 15, and 20 cm) were combined in a factorial combination in a randomized block design with three replications.Tef variety called ‘Guduru’ was used as planting material. The result showed that seed rate and inter-row spacing had significant (p < 0.01) effects on all phenological and yield-related characteristics studied. Moreover, days to heading, days to maturity, grain yield and harvest index were significantly affected by the interaction effects of both seed rate and inter-row spacing. Higher days to heading (68 days) and days to maturity (127 days) were recorded at a seeding rate of 20 kg ha^–1 and10 cm inter-row spacing. Tef variety (Guduru) was taller (127.2 cm) under 10 kg ha^–1 seed rate as compared to a higher seed rate of 20 kg ha^–1 (120.8 cm). The highest dry biomass yield (51.3 kg plot⁻¹) was obtained from a seeding rate of 20 kg ha⁻¹ in combination with 20 cm inter-row spacing. Besides this, the maximum mean grain yield (19.8 kg plot⁻¹) was recorded from 20 kg ha⁻¹seed rate and 15 cm inter-row spacing to achieve a higher yield in the study area. Furthermore, the highest straw yield (35.99 kg plot⁻¹) was produced from the highest seed rate of 20 kg ha⁻¹, whereas the smallest inter-row spacing (10 cm) produced the highest straw yield (33.5 kg plot⁻¹). The maximum harvest index (56.1%) was obtained from 20 kg ha⁻¹ seed rate and 15 cm inter-row spacing, a similar treatment combination as in the case of grain yield. 10 kg ha⁻¹ seed rate and 20 cm inter-row spacing showed lowest lodging severity (24.1%) and (32.3%), respectively. The result suggests that sowing of tef at 20 kg ha⁻¹ seed rate combined with 10 cm inter-row spacing which resulted in higher grain yield, straw yield and harvest index, could be recommended in the study area to achieve higher tef production.

摘要

Tef 是埃塞俄比亚特有的小种子主粮作物。然而，其产量较低，部分原因是农艺实践和住宿不当。因此，在2019-2020年种植季节，在埃塞俄比亚西部Hababo Guduru区的Reef Tokko Taanne Hamilee进行了田间试验，以研究播种量和行间距对生长、物候、产量和倒伏严重程度的影响四氟乙烯作物。三个水平的播种量（10、15和20 kg ha ^-1）和三种类型的行距（10、15和20 cm）在具有三个重复的随机区组设计中以因子组合的形式组合。Tef 品种称为“ Guduru”'被用作种植材料。结果表明，播种量和行间距 对所研究的所有物候和产量相关特性均具有显着影响（ p < 0.01）。此外，抽穗天数、成熟天数、籽粒产量和收获指数均受到排种量和行间距交互作用的显着影响。^{播种量为 20 kg ha –1}且行距为 10 cm时，抽穗天数（68 天）和成熟天数（127 天）更长。与 20 kg ha ^-1播种量（120.8 厘米）的较高播种量相比，Tef 品种（Guduru ）在 10 kg ha ^-1播种量下较高（127.2 厘米）。最高的干生物量产量（51.3 kg 地块^{−1）是根据 20 kg ha -1}的播种量和 20 cm 的行间距获得的。^{除此之外，在20 kg ha -1}播种量和15 cm行距下记录了最大平均谷物产量（19.8 kg情节^{-1 ），以实现研究区域的更高产量。}此外，最高的秸秆产量（35.99 kg 地块^-1）是由最高播种量 20 kg ha ^-1产生的，而最小的行间距（10 cm）产生最高的秸秆产量（33.5 kg 地块^-1） 。最大收获指数（56.1%）是从20 kg ha ^-1播种量和15 cm行间距获得的，这是与谷物产量情况类似的处理组合。10公斤公顷⁻¹播种量和 20 厘米行间距分别显示出最低的倒伏严重程度（24.1%）和（32.3%）。结果表明，在研究区可以推荐以20 kg ha ^{-1播种量和10 cm行间距播种tef，从而提高粮食产量、秸秆产量和收获指数，以实现更高的tef产量。}